OPHTHALMOLOGY AND
OTOLARYNGOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
SOLUTIONS||100% GUARANTEED
PASS||UPDATED 2026/2027
SYLLABUS||A+ GRADED||<<RECENT
VERSION>>
List and describe the three layers of the eye - ANSWER ✓ Outermost: contains
white, opaque sclera, and the transparent cornea
Middle: Choroid, iris, ciliary body
Inner: retina in posterior portion and lens in the anterior portion
List and describe two light sensitive neurons located in the retina - ANSWER ✓
rods: highly sensitive to light and can function in dim light
Cones: function in bright light and detect color
There is a natural blind spot in our vision where the _____________ is located -
ANSWER ✓ Optic disk
Describe the function in the vitreous humor - ANSWER ✓ maintains the shape of
the posterior eye
Describe the function of the aqueous humor - ANSWER ✓ Helps maintain
normal pressure within the eye and provides nutrients to the lens and cornea
A visual impulse begins with the passage of light through the ___________,where
light is ______________________ - ANSWER ✓ cornea; refracted
The ________________________ adjusts the curvature of the ________ to again
refract light rays so that they pass onto the _____________ - ANSWER ✓ ciliary
muscle; lens; retina
,Focused light triggers the photoreceptor cells called _______ and _________ -
ANSWER ✓ rods; cones
Light energy is converted into a(n) ____________________________ -
ANSWER ✓ electrical impusle
The electrical impulse is sent through the _______________ to the
________________- of the brain - ANSWER ✓ optic nerve; visual cortex
The brain interprets the light impulses and a picture is created that we perceive as
______________- - ANSWER ✓ sight
List the structures of the outer ear - ANSWER ✓ Auricle, external auditory canal
The three bones in the middle ear are called - ANSWER ✓ ossicles
What are the scientific names of the ossicles - ANSWER ✓ malleus, ineus, stapes
List the three structures of the inner ear - ANSWER ✓ Cochlea, semicircular
canals, vestibule
Earwax or cerumen is secreted by modified sweat glands in the - ANSWER ✓
external auditory canal
Which structure helps equalize the pressure between the middle ear and the throat
- ANSWER ✓ Eustachian tube
The ossicles transmit bone-conducted sound waves through the middle ear to the
_____________________ - ANSWER ✓ oval window
Sound waves travel through the fluid of the inner ear as ___________________ -
ANSWER ✓ vibrations
Located within the cochlea, the __________________ contains receptors for
sound - ANSWER ✓ organ of Corti
,Semicircular canals detect ______________________ equilibrium, and the
vestibule detects _____________ equilibrium - ANSWER ✓ dynamic, static
Strabismus - ANSWER ✓ Failure of eyes to track together
Nystagmus - ANSWER ✓ Constant, involuntary movement of one or both eyes
Hordeolum - ANSWER ✓ Localized, purulent infection of a sebaceous gland of
the eyelid
Karatitis - ANSWER ✓ Inflammation of the cornea that results in superficial
ulcertations
Conjunctivitis - ANSWER ✓ Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by
irritation, allergy, or bacterial infection
Nyctalopia - ANSWER ✓ Inability to see in dim light or at night
Tinnitus - ANSWER ✓ Ringing in the ears
Otitis Externa - ANSWER ✓ Swimmer's ear; inflammation of external auditory
canal
Mastoiditis - ANSWER ✓ Infection of the mastoid process caused by untreated
ear infections
Otitis media - ANSWER ✓ inflammation of the middle ear
blepharoptosis - ANSWER ✓ drooping of the upper eyelid
exophthalmia - ANSWER ✓ abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Snellen alphabetical chart - ANSWER ✓
Ishihara color vision test - ANSWER ✓
Weber hearing test - ANSWER ✓ a tunning fork is placed in the middle of the
head and make sure both ears are equal
, Rinne hearing test - ANSWER ✓ Evaluates bone conduction versus air
conduction of sound in one ear at a time with a tuning fork.
ophthalmoplegia - ANSWER ✓ eye paralysis
blephar/o - ANSWER ✓ eyelid
-cusis - ANSWER ✓ hearing
irid/o - ANSWER ✓ iris, colored part of eye
kerat/o - ANSWER ✓ horny, hard, cornea
myring/o - ANSWER ✓ tympanic membrane, eardrum
ophthalm/o - ANSWER ✓ eye, vision
-opia - ANSWER ✓ vision condition
opt/o - ANSWER ✓ eye, vision
ot/o - ANSWER ✓ ear, hearing
phak/o - ANSWER ✓ lens of eye
presby/o - ANSWER ✓ old age
retin/o - ANSWER ✓ retina, net
scler/o - ANSWER ✓ sclera, white of eye, hard
trop/o - ANSWER ✓ turn, change
tympan/o - ANSWER ✓ tympanic membrane, eardrum
accommodation - ANSWER ✓ lens adjusting to focus at different distances
OTOLARYNGOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
SOLUTIONS||100% GUARANTEED
PASS||UPDATED 2026/2027
SYLLABUS||A+ GRADED||<<RECENT
VERSION>>
List and describe the three layers of the eye - ANSWER ✓ Outermost: contains
white, opaque sclera, and the transparent cornea
Middle: Choroid, iris, ciliary body
Inner: retina in posterior portion and lens in the anterior portion
List and describe two light sensitive neurons located in the retina - ANSWER ✓
rods: highly sensitive to light and can function in dim light
Cones: function in bright light and detect color
There is a natural blind spot in our vision where the _____________ is located -
ANSWER ✓ Optic disk
Describe the function in the vitreous humor - ANSWER ✓ maintains the shape of
the posterior eye
Describe the function of the aqueous humor - ANSWER ✓ Helps maintain
normal pressure within the eye and provides nutrients to the lens and cornea
A visual impulse begins with the passage of light through the ___________,where
light is ______________________ - ANSWER ✓ cornea; refracted
The ________________________ adjusts the curvature of the ________ to again
refract light rays so that they pass onto the _____________ - ANSWER ✓ ciliary
muscle; lens; retina
,Focused light triggers the photoreceptor cells called _______ and _________ -
ANSWER ✓ rods; cones
Light energy is converted into a(n) ____________________________ -
ANSWER ✓ electrical impusle
The electrical impulse is sent through the _______________ to the
________________- of the brain - ANSWER ✓ optic nerve; visual cortex
The brain interprets the light impulses and a picture is created that we perceive as
______________- - ANSWER ✓ sight
List the structures of the outer ear - ANSWER ✓ Auricle, external auditory canal
The three bones in the middle ear are called - ANSWER ✓ ossicles
What are the scientific names of the ossicles - ANSWER ✓ malleus, ineus, stapes
List the three structures of the inner ear - ANSWER ✓ Cochlea, semicircular
canals, vestibule
Earwax or cerumen is secreted by modified sweat glands in the - ANSWER ✓
external auditory canal
Which structure helps equalize the pressure between the middle ear and the throat
- ANSWER ✓ Eustachian tube
The ossicles transmit bone-conducted sound waves through the middle ear to the
_____________________ - ANSWER ✓ oval window
Sound waves travel through the fluid of the inner ear as ___________________ -
ANSWER ✓ vibrations
Located within the cochlea, the __________________ contains receptors for
sound - ANSWER ✓ organ of Corti
,Semicircular canals detect ______________________ equilibrium, and the
vestibule detects _____________ equilibrium - ANSWER ✓ dynamic, static
Strabismus - ANSWER ✓ Failure of eyes to track together
Nystagmus - ANSWER ✓ Constant, involuntary movement of one or both eyes
Hordeolum - ANSWER ✓ Localized, purulent infection of a sebaceous gland of
the eyelid
Karatitis - ANSWER ✓ Inflammation of the cornea that results in superficial
ulcertations
Conjunctivitis - ANSWER ✓ Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by
irritation, allergy, or bacterial infection
Nyctalopia - ANSWER ✓ Inability to see in dim light or at night
Tinnitus - ANSWER ✓ Ringing in the ears
Otitis Externa - ANSWER ✓ Swimmer's ear; inflammation of external auditory
canal
Mastoiditis - ANSWER ✓ Infection of the mastoid process caused by untreated
ear infections
Otitis media - ANSWER ✓ inflammation of the middle ear
blepharoptosis - ANSWER ✓ drooping of the upper eyelid
exophthalmia - ANSWER ✓ abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Snellen alphabetical chart - ANSWER ✓
Ishihara color vision test - ANSWER ✓
Weber hearing test - ANSWER ✓ a tunning fork is placed in the middle of the
head and make sure both ears are equal
, Rinne hearing test - ANSWER ✓ Evaluates bone conduction versus air
conduction of sound in one ear at a time with a tuning fork.
ophthalmoplegia - ANSWER ✓ eye paralysis
blephar/o - ANSWER ✓ eyelid
-cusis - ANSWER ✓ hearing
irid/o - ANSWER ✓ iris, colored part of eye
kerat/o - ANSWER ✓ horny, hard, cornea
myring/o - ANSWER ✓ tympanic membrane, eardrum
ophthalm/o - ANSWER ✓ eye, vision
-opia - ANSWER ✓ vision condition
opt/o - ANSWER ✓ eye, vision
ot/o - ANSWER ✓ ear, hearing
phak/o - ANSWER ✓ lens of eye
presby/o - ANSWER ✓ old age
retin/o - ANSWER ✓ retina, net
scler/o - ANSWER ✓ sclera, white of eye, hard
trop/o - ANSWER ✓ turn, change
tympan/o - ANSWER ✓ tympanic membrane, eardrum
accommodation - ANSWER ✓ lens adjusting to focus at different distances
