ABO ADVANCED ACTUAL EXAM PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Cold autoantibody specificity.
Answer: Anti-I
◍ Cold reacting alloantibody specificity.
Answer: Anti-P1, -M, -N, -Lea, -Leb
◍ When taking seg height measurements, which of the following situations
could result in a parallax error?.
Answer: Patient sitting/ dispenser standing erect
◍ Which of the following is not significant in identifying the problem of
vertical imbalance?.
Answer: Patient's age
◍ If the forward and back type do not agree, then.
Answer: is must be resolved for patients to be transfused (group O given in
emergency)
◍ Which of the following elements is NOT critical when determining vertical
imbalance?.
Answer: Lens power in the 180 degree meridian
◍ A prism will displace the object being viewed towards its ________..
Answer: Apex
◍ A prism will bend light towards its _______..
Answer: Base
◍ Mixed field reaction.
Answer: A3
,◍ A2 will look like ____ in front type..
Answer: A1
◍ Bone Marrow transplant: if type A, transplanted with an O bone marrow, the
new cells will be Type
O. , this is an example of-.
Answer: dual population
◍ Secretor studies use.
Answer: saliva
◍ When dealing with problems of vertical imbalance which is the critical
meridian of total lens?.
Answer: 90
◍ Secretor studies help.
Answer: to detect soluble antigens
◍ Causes of Missing/Weak antibodies.
Answer: advanced age, immune deficiency, bone marrow transplant,
chemotherapy/radiation therapy, or newborn
◍ Which of the following prescriptions would pose the greatest prismatic
imbalance at a reading depth of 10mm?.
Answer: OD +2.50OS -0.25 +2.50 x 090
◍ A plus lens moved downward from the primary position will result in:.
Answer: Base down prismatic effect
◍ What is a hereditary pigmentary degeneration of the retina called which
results in gradual loss of peripheral vision?.
Answer: Retinitis pigmentosa
◍ How does chemotherapy/radiation therapy weaken antibodies?.
Answer: Can wipe off plasma cells
◍ What is ocular hypertension?.
Answer: Elevation of pressure in the eye above the range considered with an
, detectable changes in vision or damage to the structure of the eye.orEye
pressure can be elevated and cause damage in some eyes, but no damage in
others.
◍ Which of the following statements is false regarding corneal ulcers? Corneal
ulcers can be ________..
Answer: of little concern
◍ Approximately what percentage of humans have some alterations in lens
transparency after age 65?.
Answer: 60%
◍ Resolution steps for missing/weak antibodies.
Answer: Add more serum, incubate longer at room temperature (15-60min),
test at colder temp.
◍ Resolution steps for missing/weak antibodies: What happens if serum is
limited?.
Answer: Start with a dry cell button for A1 and B cells
◍ What type of cataract is a fully developed opacity of the lens with fluid
generation and swelling of the lens volume?.
Answer: Hypermature
◍ Causes of Extra antigens.
Answer: acquired B, B subgroup, cold agglutinin
◍ Resolution steps for Extra antigens.
Answer: Acidify reagent, another manufacturer monoclonal reagents for
Anti-A, Anti-B, or warm wash patient's cells with saline warmed to 37C at
least three times
◍ **Cold agglutinin is similar to.
Answer: Cold autoantibody (Anti-I)
◍ Which of the following statements is false regarding cataracts?.
Answer: Cataracts will only form in the nucleus of the lens.
◍ ________ is the condition in which both eyes have equal refractive power..
, Answer: Insometropia
◍ Irregular astigmatism occurs when the principal meridians are not uniform
along a major meridian and not uniform along a meridian. They are found at
some place other than 90 degree apart. Irregular astigmatism is commonly
caused by trauma surgery, or corneal dystrophy. TRUE or FALSE.
Answer: True
◍ In poor light, a person sees red light better than blue, which is why the
ocular system tends to be more myopic, i.e. twilight myopia.TRUE or
FALSE.
Answer: True
◍ Causes of Extra Antibodies.
Answer: subgroups of A: Anti-A1, cold alloantibodies, cold autoantibody,
rouleaux, transfusion ABO (varied plasma)
◍ Which cold alloantibodies can be neutralized?.
Answer: Anti-Lea, -Leb, -P1
◍ _______ are _____ cells that detect motion within a field..
Answer: Rods-Long
◍ The crystalline lens is the same size at birth as in an adult, however, it adds
cell layers throughout life, packing them in which makes the crystalline lens
harder and is one of the causes of presbyopia. TRUE or FALSE.
Answer: False
◍ The triangular structure between the choroid and root of the iris, containing
the ciliary epithelium, stroma, and ciliary muscle is the:.
Answer: Ciliary body
◍ There are 5 layers of the cornea. They are:.
Answer: From most anterior to posterior.Epithelium-Bowman's Layer-
Stroma- Descemet membrane- Endothelium
◍ The refractive index of the cornea is:.
Answer: 1.376
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ Cold autoantibody specificity.
Answer: Anti-I
◍ Cold reacting alloantibody specificity.
Answer: Anti-P1, -M, -N, -Lea, -Leb
◍ When taking seg height measurements, which of the following situations
could result in a parallax error?.
Answer: Patient sitting/ dispenser standing erect
◍ Which of the following is not significant in identifying the problem of
vertical imbalance?.
Answer: Patient's age
◍ If the forward and back type do not agree, then.
Answer: is must be resolved for patients to be transfused (group O given in
emergency)
◍ Which of the following elements is NOT critical when determining vertical
imbalance?.
Answer: Lens power in the 180 degree meridian
◍ A prism will displace the object being viewed towards its ________..
Answer: Apex
◍ A prism will bend light towards its _______..
Answer: Base
◍ Mixed field reaction.
Answer: A3
,◍ A2 will look like ____ in front type..
Answer: A1
◍ Bone Marrow transplant: if type A, transplanted with an O bone marrow, the
new cells will be Type
O. , this is an example of-.
Answer: dual population
◍ Secretor studies use.
Answer: saliva
◍ When dealing with problems of vertical imbalance which is the critical
meridian of total lens?.
Answer: 90
◍ Secretor studies help.
Answer: to detect soluble antigens
◍ Causes of Missing/Weak antibodies.
Answer: advanced age, immune deficiency, bone marrow transplant,
chemotherapy/radiation therapy, or newborn
◍ Which of the following prescriptions would pose the greatest prismatic
imbalance at a reading depth of 10mm?.
Answer: OD +2.50OS -0.25 +2.50 x 090
◍ A plus lens moved downward from the primary position will result in:.
Answer: Base down prismatic effect
◍ What is a hereditary pigmentary degeneration of the retina called which
results in gradual loss of peripheral vision?.
Answer: Retinitis pigmentosa
◍ How does chemotherapy/radiation therapy weaken antibodies?.
Answer: Can wipe off plasma cells
◍ What is ocular hypertension?.
Answer: Elevation of pressure in the eye above the range considered with an
, detectable changes in vision or damage to the structure of the eye.orEye
pressure can be elevated and cause damage in some eyes, but no damage in
others.
◍ Which of the following statements is false regarding corneal ulcers? Corneal
ulcers can be ________..
Answer: of little concern
◍ Approximately what percentage of humans have some alterations in lens
transparency after age 65?.
Answer: 60%
◍ Resolution steps for missing/weak antibodies.
Answer: Add more serum, incubate longer at room temperature (15-60min),
test at colder temp.
◍ Resolution steps for missing/weak antibodies: What happens if serum is
limited?.
Answer: Start with a dry cell button for A1 and B cells
◍ What type of cataract is a fully developed opacity of the lens with fluid
generation and swelling of the lens volume?.
Answer: Hypermature
◍ Causes of Extra antigens.
Answer: acquired B, B subgroup, cold agglutinin
◍ Resolution steps for Extra antigens.
Answer: Acidify reagent, another manufacturer monoclonal reagents for
Anti-A, Anti-B, or warm wash patient's cells with saline warmed to 37C at
least three times
◍ **Cold agglutinin is similar to.
Answer: Cold autoantibody (Anti-I)
◍ Which of the following statements is false regarding cataracts?.
Answer: Cataracts will only form in the nucleus of the lens.
◍ ________ is the condition in which both eyes have equal refractive power..
, Answer: Insometropia
◍ Irregular astigmatism occurs when the principal meridians are not uniform
along a major meridian and not uniform along a meridian. They are found at
some place other than 90 degree apart. Irregular astigmatism is commonly
caused by trauma surgery, or corneal dystrophy. TRUE or FALSE.
Answer: True
◍ In poor light, a person sees red light better than blue, which is why the
ocular system tends to be more myopic, i.e. twilight myopia.TRUE or
FALSE.
Answer: True
◍ Causes of Extra Antibodies.
Answer: subgroups of A: Anti-A1, cold alloantibodies, cold autoantibody,
rouleaux, transfusion ABO (varied plasma)
◍ Which cold alloantibodies can be neutralized?.
Answer: Anti-Lea, -Leb, -P1
◍ _______ are _____ cells that detect motion within a field..
Answer: Rods-Long
◍ The crystalline lens is the same size at birth as in an adult, however, it adds
cell layers throughout life, packing them in which makes the crystalline lens
harder and is one of the causes of presbyopia. TRUE or FALSE.
Answer: False
◍ The triangular structure between the choroid and root of the iris, containing
the ciliary epithelium, stroma, and ciliary muscle is the:.
Answer: Ciliary body
◍ There are 5 layers of the cornea. They are:.
Answer: From most anterior to posterior.Epithelium-Bowman's Layer-
Stroma- Descemet membrane- Endothelium
◍ The refractive index of the cornea is:.
Answer: 1.376
