Speeches written texts that are delivered orally to an audience
Ways to organize a speech (6) 1. chronological- by time
2. spatial order-specific space pattern
3. casual order- cause and effect(why something happens)
4. problem solution- induce audience to realize a need for a change
5.topical pattern-logical and consistent sub topics-can be re arranged
6. advantages/ disadvantages- pros and cons
3 parts of an essay introduction, body, conclusion
3 questions an essay's introduction should answer 1. What is the subject of the essay?
2. How does the essay address the subject?
3. What will the essay prove?
Thesis statement a sentence that clearly states the writer's message
The body elaborates on all main points related to the thesis and supporting evidence
Each body paragraph should: (4 things) 1. State the point
, 2. explain its meaning
3. support it with quotations or other evidence
4. explain how the point and evidence relate to the thesis
The conclusion reiterates the content of the introduction, including thesis
Informative/explanatory writing -begins on the basis that something is true or factual
-provides info and insights
Argumentative Writing strives to prove something that may or may not be true or factual
Narrative writing tells a story in such a way that the readers learn something or gain
insight or understanding
concrete language Language that describes specific, observable things, people, or places,
rather than ideas or qualities.
abstract language Language describing ideas and qualities rather than observable or
specific things, people, or places.
A journal a personal account of events, experiences, feelings, and thoughts