KINN-S Medical Assistant – Chapter 13:
Assisting in Ophthalmology and
Otolaryngology study guide, updated
for the 2026/2027 syllabus
1. What is the medical term for the study of the eye and its diseases?
ANSWER ✓ Ophthalmology
2. What is the primary function of the cornea?
ANSWER ✓ Refract (bend) light and protect the eye
3. Which structure of the eye regulates the amount of light entering the eye?
ANSWER ✓ Iris
4. What is the name of the clear, gel-like substance inside the posterior cavity of the eye?
ANSWER ✓ Vitreous humor
5. What condition is characterized by increased intraocular pressure?
ANSWER ✓ Glaucoma
6. Which test measures the sharpness of vision?
ANSWER ✓ Visual acuity test
7. What does the Snellen chart assess?
ANSWER ✓ Distance vision
8. A patient with 20/40 vision: what does the second number mean?
ANSWER ✓ What a person with normal vision can see at 40 feet
, 9. Which instrument is used to examine the interior structures of the eye?
ANSWER ✓ Ophthalmoscope
10. What is the term for the involuntary jerking movements of the eyes?
ANSWER ✓ Nystagmus
11. What is the abnormal drooping of the upper eyelid called?
ANSWER ✓ Ptosis
12. Which condition is an inflammation of the conjunctiva often called "pink eye"?
ANSWER ✓ Conjunctivitis
13. What is a chalazion?
ANSWER ✓ A blocked meibomian gland in the eyelid
14. What is the term for a small, raised yellow plaque on the conjunctiva near the cornea?
ANSWER ✓ Pinguecula
15. What is a pterygium?
ANSWER ✓ A triangular thickening of conjunctiva extending onto the cornea
16. Which test uses a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure?
ANSWER ✓ Tonometry
17. What condition is the gradual clouding of the lens?
ANSWER ✓ Cataract
18. Which type of glaucoma develops slowly and is painless?
ANSWER ✓ Open-angle glaucoma
19. What is diabetic retinopathy?
Assisting in Ophthalmology and
Otolaryngology study guide, updated
for the 2026/2027 syllabus
1. What is the medical term for the study of the eye and its diseases?
ANSWER ✓ Ophthalmology
2. What is the primary function of the cornea?
ANSWER ✓ Refract (bend) light and protect the eye
3. Which structure of the eye regulates the amount of light entering the eye?
ANSWER ✓ Iris
4. What is the name of the clear, gel-like substance inside the posterior cavity of the eye?
ANSWER ✓ Vitreous humor
5. What condition is characterized by increased intraocular pressure?
ANSWER ✓ Glaucoma
6. Which test measures the sharpness of vision?
ANSWER ✓ Visual acuity test
7. What does the Snellen chart assess?
ANSWER ✓ Distance vision
8. A patient with 20/40 vision: what does the second number mean?
ANSWER ✓ What a person with normal vision can see at 40 feet
, 9. Which instrument is used to examine the interior structures of the eye?
ANSWER ✓ Ophthalmoscope
10. What is the term for the involuntary jerking movements of the eyes?
ANSWER ✓ Nystagmus
11. What is the abnormal drooping of the upper eyelid called?
ANSWER ✓ Ptosis
12. Which condition is an inflammation of the conjunctiva often called "pink eye"?
ANSWER ✓ Conjunctivitis
13. What is a chalazion?
ANSWER ✓ A blocked meibomian gland in the eyelid
14. What is the term for a small, raised yellow plaque on the conjunctiva near the cornea?
ANSWER ✓ Pinguecula
15. What is a pterygium?
ANSWER ✓ A triangular thickening of conjunctiva extending onto the cornea
16. Which test uses a tonometer to measure intraocular pressure?
ANSWER ✓ Tonometry
17. What condition is the gradual clouding of the lens?
ANSWER ✓ Cataract
18. Which type of glaucoma develops slowly and is painless?
ANSWER ✓ Open-angle glaucoma
19. What is diabetic retinopathy?
