BIOL 189 UNLV FINAL TEST PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥What is a proton?
Answer: Subatomic particle located inside the nucleus with positive
charge.
⩥Why are Protons important?
Answer: To identify our elements by their atomic numbers.
⩥What is a Neutron?
Answer: Subatomic particle located inside the nucleus with Neutral
charge
⩥Why are Neutrons important?
Answer: With Neutrons we can get Atomic Mass.
⩥(Neutrons) What is Atomic Mass?
Answer: Number of Protons with Neutrons
⩥What are Electrons?
,Answer: Subatomic particle that orbits surrounding the nucleus with
negative charge.
⩥Why are Electrons important?
Answer: Based upon the arrangement of Electrons we can determine
how and why one element will interact with another one.
⩥What happens if you gain an electron?
Answer: You become more negative
⩥What happens if you lose an electron?
Answer: You become more positive
⩥How many electrons can you put In the 1st, 2nd and 3rd orbit?
Answer: 1st orbit= 2 electrons, 2nd orbit= 8 electrons 3rd orbit= 8
electrons
⩥What are the two rules for atoms?
Answer: Orbits like to be full. Electrons like to be paired.
⩥What are the 4 common elements?
Answer: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon
,⩥How many unpaired electrons does Hydrogen have?
Answer: 1
⩥How many unpaired electrons does Oxygen have?
Answer: 2
⩥How many unpaired electrons does Nitrogen have?
Answer: 3
⩥How many unpaired electrons does carbon have?
Answer: 4
⩥What is an Ionic Bond?
Answer: Complete transfer of electrons (sodium chloride, magnesium
chloride)
⩥What is a covalent bond?
Answer: Sharing electrons
⩥What is a non-polar covalent bond?
Answer: Equal sharing of electrons
, ⩥What is a polar covalent bond?
Answer: Uneven sharing of electrons. (Ex. Water)
⩥Hydrogen bond?
Answer: Interaction between a negative atoms with Hydrogen in which
that hydrogen is already part of a polar covalent bond
⩥What are the three parts of "The Cell Theory"
Answer: 1. All organism are composed of one or more cells 2.The cell is
the smallest unit of life 3.New cells are formed only by the division of
previously existing cells
⩥The difference between a Prokaryote and Eukaryote?
Answer: PROKARYOTES- All uni-cellular, no nucleus, plasma
membrane, no cytoskeleton. EUKARYOTE- Nucleus with a double
membrane, several membrane bound structures.
⩥What is an ACID?
Answer: Anything that raises hydrogen ion concentration
⩥What is a BASE?
Answer: Anything that lowers hydrogen ion concentration
QUESTIONS ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥What is a proton?
Answer: Subatomic particle located inside the nucleus with positive
charge.
⩥Why are Protons important?
Answer: To identify our elements by their atomic numbers.
⩥What is a Neutron?
Answer: Subatomic particle located inside the nucleus with Neutral
charge
⩥Why are Neutrons important?
Answer: With Neutrons we can get Atomic Mass.
⩥(Neutrons) What is Atomic Mass?
Answer: Number of Protons with Neutrons
⩥What are Electrons?
,Answer: Subatomic particle that orbits surrounding the nucleus with
negative charge.
⩥Why are Electrons important?
Answer: Based upon the arrangement of Electrons we can determine
how and why one element will interact with another one.
⩥What happens if you gain an electron?
Answer: You become more negative
⩥What happens if you lose an electron?
Answer: You become more positive
⩥How many electrons can you put In the 1st, 2nd and 3rd orbit?
Answer: 1st orbit= 2 electrons, 2nd orbit= 8 electrons 3rd orbit= 8
electrons
⩥What are the two rules for atoms?
Answer: Orbits like to be full. Electrons like to be paired.
⩥What are the 4 common elements?
Answer: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Carbon
,⩥How many unpaired electrons does Hydrogen have?
Answer: 1
⩥How many unpaired electrons does Oxygen have?
Answer: 2
⩥How many unpaired electrons does Nitrogen have?
Answer: 3
⩥How many unpaired electrons does carbon have?
Answer: 4
⩥What is an Ionic Bond?
Answer: Complete transfer of electrons (sodium chloride, magnesium
chloride)
⩥What is a covalent bond?
Answer: Sharing electrons
⩥What is a non-polar covalent bond?
Answer: Equal sharing of electrons
, ⩥What is a polar covalent bond?
Answer: Uneven sharing of electrons. (Ex. Water)
⩥Hydrogen bond?
Answer: Interaction between a negative atoms with Hydrogen in which
that hydrogen is already part of a polar covalent bond
⩥What are the three parts of "The Cell Theory"
Answer: 1. All organism are composed of one or more cells 2.The cell is
the smallest unit of life 3.New cells are formed only by the division of
previously existing cells
⩥The difference between a Prokaryote and Eukaryote?
Answer: PROKARYOTES- All uni-cellular, no nucleus, plasma
membrane, no cytoskeleton. EUKARYOTE- Nucleus with a double
membrane, several membrane bound structures.
⩥What is an ACID?
Answer: Anything that raises hydrogen ion concentration
⩥What is a BASE?
Answer: Anything that lowers hydrogen ion concentration
