BIOD 103 / BIOD103 MODULE 4 | MEDICAL
TERMINOLOGY EXAM | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+ | PORTAGE
LEARNING | 2026/2027 GUIDE
Describe the differences between the two subtypes of diabetes mellitus.
- Correct Answer - The two subtypes of diabetes mellitus are insulin-
dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus. IDDM is a result of the pancreas no longer secreting the
hormone insulin, and NIDDM is a result of the body's cells no longer
properly responding to the insulin that is secreted. IDDM is treated with
insulin injections. NIDDM is treated with medications that increase the
body's sensitivity to insulin.
Name the screening tool used in the diagnosis of dementia. - Correct
Answer - The mini-mental state examination is used in the diagnosis of
dementia
Identify the disease and the neurotransmitter that is deficient in a patient
with a tremor at rest, bradykinesia, shuffling gait, and rigidity. - Correct
Answer - The disease is Parkinson's disease, and it is the result of
decreased levels of dopamine
,Describe the treatment option available to Parkinson's disease patients
when the medications to increase the levels of dopamine are no longer
effective. - Correct Answer - Deep brain stimulation is a surgically
implanted device that stimulates the motor centers of the brain.
Name the most common type of primary brain tumor. - Correct Answer -
An astrocytoma is the most common primary brain tumor.
What are the differences between a glioma, neuroma, and a
meningioma? - Correct Answer - A glioma is a tumor made of nervous
tissue. A neuroma is a tumor of the nerves. A meningioma is a tumor of
the meninges.
Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system. Describe
the damage that occurs to the nerves in this disease - Correct Answer -
The nerves are damaged by the immune system through inflammation,
demyelination, and then scarring. The resulting damage to the nerves is
then called a plaque.
Describe the differences between a hemorrhagic stroke and an ischemic
stroke. - Correct Answer - A hemorrhagic stroke is uncontrolled bleeding
in the brain from a ruptured aneurysm or blood vessel. Ischemic strokes
occur when the blood flow to the brain is blocked via a blood clot or
compressed from outside the blood vessel.
, Describe the two types of hearing loss and their causes. - Correct
Answer - Conductive hearing loss occurs when the sound cannot travel
to the inner ear for interpretation. This occurs if there is a blockage in the
ear canal or if there is damage to the ossicles in the middle ear.
Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when the cochlea deteriorates. This is
most common as a person gets older
Describe the two different treatment strategies for patients with
sensorineural hearing loss. - Correct Answer - Patients with
sensorineural hearing loss can be prescribed hearing aids for
amplification of sound waves. Patients also can receive a cochlear
implant that senses the environmental sounds and then electronically
stimulates the cochlea
Fill in the blanks: A patient with increased intraocular pressure is
diagnosed with A) _____. The instrument used to measure intraocular
pressure is called B) _____. - Correct Answer - A) glaucoma
B) tonometer
Patients with acute closed-angle glaucoma can be treated with an
iridectomy. A) Break down the medical term iridectomy into its word
parts. B) Explain how this procedure would help in patients with this
condition. - Correct Answer - A) Iridectomy: combining form irid/o = iris; -
ectomy = surgical excision. B) An iridectomy is a surgical excision of a
portion of the iris. This would help prevent acute closed-angle glaucoma
TERMINOLOGY EXAM | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS RATED A+ | PORTAGE
LEARNING | 2026/2027 GUIDE
Describe the differences between the two subtypes of diabetes mellitus.
- Correct Answer - The two subtypes of diabetes mellitus are insulin-
dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus. IDDM is a result of the pancreas no longer secreting the
hormone insulin, and NIDDM is a result of the body's cells no longer
properly responding to the insulin that is secreted. IDDM is treated with
insulin injections. NIDDM is treated with medications that increase the
body's sensitivity to insulin.
Name the screening tool used in the diagnosis of dementia. - Correct
Answer - The mini-mental state examination is used in the diagnosis of
dementia
Identify the disease and the neurotransmitter that is deficient in a patient
with a tremor at rest, bradykinesia, shuffling gait, and rigidity. - Correct
Answer - The disease is Parkinson's disease, and it is the result of
decreased levels of dopamine
,Describe the treatment option available to Parkinson's disease patients
when the medications to increase the levels of dopamine are no longer
effective. - Correct Answer - Deep brain stimulation is a surgically
implanted device that stimulates the motor centers of the brain.
Name the most common type of primary brain tumor. - Correct Answer -
An astrocytoma is the most common primary brain tumor.
What are the differences between a glioma, neuroma, and a
meningioma? - Correct Answer - A glioma is a tumor made of nervous
tissue. A neuroma is a tumor of the nerves. A meningioma is a tumor of
the meninges.
Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system. Describe
the damage that occurs to the nerves in this disease - Correct Answer -
The nerves are damaged by the immune system through inflammation,
demyelination, and then scarring. The resulting damage to the nerves is
then called a plaque.
Describe the differences between a hemorrhagic stroke and an ischemic
stroke. - Correct Answer - A hemorrhagic stroke is uncontrolled bleeding
in the brain from a ruptured aneurysm or blood vessel. Ischemic strokes
occur when the blood flow to the brain is blocked via a blood clot or
compressed from outside the blood vessel.
, Describe the two types of hearing loss and their causes. - Correct
Answer - Conductive hearing loss occurs when the sound cannot travel
to the inner ear for interpretation. This occurs if there is a blockage in the
ear canal or if there is damage to the ossicles in the middle ear.
Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when the cochlea deteriorates. This is
most common as a person gets older
Describe the two different treatment strategies for patients with
sensorineural hearing loss. - Correct Answer - Patients with
sensorineural hearing loss can be prescribed hearing aids for
amplification of sound waves. Patients also can receive a cochlear
implant that senses the environmental sounds and then electronically
stimulates the cochlea
Fill in the blanks: A patient with increased intraocular pressure is
diagnosed with A) _____. The instrument used to measure intraocular
pressure is called B) _____. - Correct Answer - A) glaucoma
B) tonometer
Patients with acute closed-angle glaucoma can be treated with an
iridectomy. A) Break down the medical term iridectomy into its word
parts. B) Explain how this procedure would help in patients with this
condition. - Correct Answer - A) Iridectomy: combining form irid/o = iris; -
ectomy = surgical excision. B) An iridectomy is a surgical excision of a
portion of the iris. This would help prevent acute closed-angle glaucoma
