NUR 265 Exam 1 | Questions and Answers | 2026
Update | 100% Correct - Galen College of
Nursing | Comprehensive Practice Set
‣ Describe the "risk" stage for AKI -✓✓creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR
reduced by 25%
‣ Describe the "injury" stage for AKI -✓✓creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
‣ Describe the "failure" stage for AKI -✓✓creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced
by 75% (Cant fix)
‣ Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. -✓✓Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
‣ Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. -✓✓Tissue damage to the actual
kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
‣ Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. -✓✓Obstruction that occurs after the
kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
‣ How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? -✓✓Systolic +
(Diastolic*2) /3
, ‣ What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? -✓✓65 mmHg
‣ What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? -✓✓-NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
‣ During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? -✓✓Watch for
dehydration and make sure output is greater than input
‣ What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? -✓✓-Low protein
-Low sodium
-Fluid restriction: 1000-1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem)
‣ What are the 2 most common causes of CKD? -✓✓-HTN
-Uncontrolled diabetes
‣ What is azotemia? -✓✓Nitrogenous waste build up
‣ What are manifestations of uremia? -✓✓•Metallic taste in mouth
•Anorexia
•Nausea/vomiting
•Muscle cramps
•Uremic frost on skin
•Itching
•Fatigue and lethargy
•Hiccups
•Edema
•Dyspnea
•Paresthesia's
‣ What effects can CKD have on the cardiac system -✓✓-HTN
-Heart failure (major problem. Call the doctor)
-Pericarditis
‣ What effects can CKD have on the Integumentary system -✓✓-Uremic frost
Update | 100% Correct - Galen College of
Nursing | Comprehensive Practice Set
‣ Describe the "risk" stage for AKI -✓✓creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR
reduced by 25%
‣ Describe the "injury" stage for AKI -✓✓creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
‣ Describe the "failure" stage for AKI -✓✓creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced
by 75% (Cant fix)
‣ Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. -✓✓Decreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
‣ Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. -✓✓Tissue damage to the actual
kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
‣ Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. -✓✓Obstruction that occurs after the
kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
‣ How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? -✓✓Systolic +
(Diastolic*2) /3
, ‣ What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? -✓✓65 mmHg
‣ What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? -✓✓-NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
‣ During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? -✓✓Watch for
dehydration and make sure output is greater than input
‣ What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? -✓✓-Low protein
-Low sodium
-Fluid restriction: 1000-1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem)
‣ What are the 2 most common causes of CKD? -✓✓-HTN
-Uncontrolled diabetes
‣ What is azotemia? -✓✓Nitrogenous waste build up
‣ What are manifestations of uremia? -✓✓•Metallic taste in mouth
•Anorexia
•Nausea/vomiting
•Muscle cramps
•Uremic frost on skin
•Itching
•Fatigue and lethargy
•Hiccups
•Edema
•Dyspnea
•Paresthesia's
‣ What effects can CKD have on the cardiac system -✓✓-HTN
-Heart failure (major problem. Call the doctor)
-Pericarditis
‣ What effects can CKD have on the Integumentary system -✓✓-Uremic frost
