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Approximately how many local health departments are there in the United States?
A 890
B 3,000
C 10,600
D 59,000 ✔Correct Answer-B 3,000
A study is conducted to compare colorectal screening rates in white and African- American men.
Researchers contact 50 white men and 50 African-American men older than 50 years of age by
telephone and ask them if they have undergone colorectal screening. Fifty-five percent of white
men and 49% of African-American men report undergoing appropriate screening. Which of the
following tests is the most appropriate method of analysis of the survey data?
A paired t-test
B Pearson chi-square (X2) test
C two-sample t-test
D Spearman correlation test ✔Correct Answer-B Pearson chi-square (X2) test. Pearsons chi-
square test is used since we are comparing categorical variables (race).
A local health department establishes a program with community outreach and clinical
components that is intended to reduce the number of drug-resistant tuberculosis cases. A
measure of the program's outcomes is the number of
A clinical visits for drug-resistant tuberculosis.
B community education sessions.
C drug-resistant tuberculosis cases
D patients receiving follow-up care for drug-resistant tuberculosis. ✔Correct Answer-C drug-
resistant tuberculosis cases.
Since we are looking at a reduction in the number of drug-resistant TB cases, we have to
compare the number of cases pre and post implementation
A needs assessment process identifies several behavioral and environmental factors on which
the intervention could potentially focus. However, to keep the project on budget, the scope of
the intervention must be limited. Which of the following criteria is most appropriate to consider
when deciding on which behavioral and environmental factors to focus the intervention?
A compliance with guidance from the project's sponsor
B what is feasible within the project budget
C the specific research interests of the planning team members
D the strength of the evidence that the desired changes can be achieved ✔Correct Answer-D
the strength of the evidence that the desired changes can be achieved. Strong evidence is
essential to ensure that investments are made in the appropriate areas and that budget funds
are not wasted
, A researcher is calculating the infant mortality rate of several states. Which of the following
methods is most appropriate to use during this analysis to adjust for racial differences in infant
mortality rates among the states?
A logistic regression
B direct standardization
C life table analysis
D linear regression ✔Correct Answer-B direct standardization
Direct standardization is a technique used to compare groups that have different characteristics,
in this case race. This technique adjusts for the differences between the groups so they can be
compared more accurately.
What percentage of all spending on health in the United States is devoted to public health
funding?
A 3%
B 11%
C 28%
D 52% ✔Correct Answer-A 3%
A group uses problem solving to reconcile underlying differences and create a win- win situation
for the mutual benefit of all parties. This approach exemplifies which of the following styles of
conflict management?
A accommodating
B avoiding
C collaborating
D compromising ✔Correct Answer-C collaborating
The probability associated with specific results when the null hypothesis is true is expressed by
A the p-value.
B a type II error.
C the sampling distribution.
D conditional independence. ✔Correct Answer-A the p-value.
Most funding for nursing home care in the United States comes from which of the following
sources?
A Medicaid
B Medicare
C out-of-pocket
D private insurance ✔Correct Answer-A Medicaid
Which of the following historical events raised awareness of the need for the protection of
research subjects and resulted in the 1947 creation of the International Code of Ethics for
research?
A Nazi human experimentation