NR 507 Pathophysiology Midterm
Exam Test Merged With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed
Answers Graded A+ (2025-2026
Latest Update)!!!
___ and ___ are the primary causes of ESRD - ANSWER-DM and HTN
___ is used to determine stage of CKD - ANSWER-GFR
____ + ____ = myocardial muscle contraction - ANSWER-Actin and myosin
____ hgb molecule can carry ____ o2 molecules - ANSWER-1, 4
____ is the most common primary DX in the US! - ANSWER-Secondary HTN
____makes up 25% of myocardial cells for high ATP production - ANSWER-
Mitochondria
___prevents neural tube defects - ANSWER-Folate
___reflects the body's total iron stores - ANSWER-Ferritin
2 atrioventricular valves - ANSWER-Tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid)
2 semilunar valves - ANSWER-Pulmonary and aortic
3 electrolytes needed for myocardial contractility - ANSWER-Ca2+, Na, K+
3 primary causes of CKD - ANSWER-HTN, DM, SLE
4 causes of heart failure - ANSWER-CAD, HTN, cardiomyopathy, faulty valves
, 4 events that lead to HF - ANSWER-HTN, increased LV preload, increased LA
preload, pulmonary edema
4 target organs of HTN - ANSWER-Eyes, kidneys, heart, brain
5 causes of lung disease leading to cor pulmonale? - ANSWER-COPD, PE,
pulmonary fibrosis, OSA, myasthenia gravis, polio
Activation of RAA _____ preload and afterload, ____ cardiac workload = ____ HF
symptoms - ANSWER-Increases, increases, worsening
Acute renal failure is ___ - ANSWER-Reversible
Afterload - ANSWER-Resistance to systolic ejection
Afterload is decreased by ____ and ____ (____) - ANSWER-Hypotension,
vasodilation, shock
Afterload is increased by ____, ____, ____ which leads to ____ - ANSWER-HTN,
valve disease, COPD, pulmonary HTN
Asthma s/s - ANSWER-Wheezing, chest tightness, SOB
Asthma treatment - 3 classes/medications - ANSWER-Beta 2 agonists-albuterol,
anticholinergics for bronchodilation-ipratropium, oral steroids to reduce
inflammation-prednisone
Average RBC lifespan - ANSWER-120 days, 3-4 months
Blood-borne pathogens are trapped in ____ - ANSWER-Glomerulonephritis
Cause of intra-renal failure - ANSWER-Damage to kidney (glomerulus, tubules,
interstitium, or vasculature)
Cause of post-renal failure - ANSWER-Obstruction in collecting duct, ureter,
bladder or urethra
Causes of hemolytic anemia - ANSWER-Mismatched blood types, autoimmune
disease, drug-induced allergic reaction
Exam Test Merged With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed
Answers Graded A+ (2025-2026
Latest Update)!!!
___ and ___ are the primary causes of ESRD - ANSWER-DM and HTN
___ is used to determine stage of CKD - ANSWER-GFR
____ + ____ = myocardial muscle contraction - ANSWER-Actin and myosin
____ hgb molecule can carry ____ o2 molecules - ANSWER-1, 4
____ is the most common primary DX in the US! - ANSWER-Secondary HTN
____makes up 25% of myocardial cells for high ATP production - ANSWER-
Mitochondria
___prevents neural tube defects - ANSWER-Folate
___reflects the body's total iron stores - ANSWER-Ferritin
2 atrioventricular valves - ANSWER-Tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid)
2 semilunar valves - ANSWER-Pulmonary and aortic
3 electrolytes needed for myocardial contractility - ANSWER-Ca2+, Na, K+
3 primary causes of CKD - ANSWER-HTN, DM, SLE
4 causes of heart failure - ANSWER-CAD, HTN, cardiomyopathy, faulty valves
, 4 events that lead to HF - ANSWER-HTN, increased LV preload, increased LA
preload, pulmonary edema
4 target organs of HTN - ANSWER-Eyes, kidneys, heart, brain
5 causes of lung disease leading to cor pulmonale? - ANSWER-COPD, PE,
pulmonary fibrosis, OSA, myasthenia gravis, polio
Activation of RAA _____ preload and afterload, ____ cardiac workload = ____ HF
symptoms - ANSWER-Increases, increases, worsening
Acute renal failure is ___ - ANSWER-Reversible
Afterload - ANSWER-Resistance to systolic ejection
Afterload is decreased by ____ and ____ (____) - ANSWER-Hypotension,
vasodilation, shock
Afterload is increased by ____, ____, ____ which leads to ____ - ANSWER-HTN,
valve disease, COPD, pulmonary HTN
Asthma s/s - ANSWER-Wheezing, chest tightness, SOB
Asthma treatment - 3 classes/medications - ANSWER-Beta 2 agonists-albuterol,
anticholinergics for bronchodilation-ipratropium, oral steroids to reduce
inflammation-prednisone
Average RBC lifespan - ANSWER-120 days, 3-4 months
Blood-borne pathogens are trapped in ____ - ANSWER-Glomerulonephritis
Cause of intra-renal failure - ANSWER-Damage to kidney (glomerulus, tubules,
interstitium, or vasculature)
Cause of post-renal failure - ANSWER-Obstruction in collecting duct, ureter,
bladder or urethra
Causes of hemolytic anemia - ANSWER-Mismatched blood types, autoimmune
disease, drug-induced allergic reaction
