NR 507 Pathophysiology Final
Exam Test Merged With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed
Answers Graded A+ (2025-2026
Latest Update)!!!
2 dominant underlying causes of cerebral infarction - ANSWER-
Atherosclerosis and hypotension
3 causes of cerebral infarction - ANSWER-1. Abrupt vascular occlusion
(embolus or thrombi)-most common
2. Gradual vessel occlusion (atheroma)
3. Stenosed, partially occluded vessels
3rd space includes what fluid - ANSWER-Lymph, gastric, saliva, bile,
pancreatic, pleural, ileal, cecal, CSF, sweat, synovial, peritoneal,
pericardial, intraocular
Accumulation of blood in subarachnoid hemorrhage - ANSWER-Escape
of blood from defective/injured vasculature into subarachnoid space,
increasing intracranial volume, irritating meninges/neural tissue,
producing inflammatory response
,Acquired immunity - ANSWER-Immune response; slow to develop,
more effective with subsequent infections
ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism - ANSWER-Overproduction of
pituitary ACTH by pituitary adenoma
Active immunity - ANSWER-Vaccination
Agnosia - ANSWER-Defect of pattern recognition; failure to recognize
form and nature of objects
Tactile, visual, or auditory
Generally, affects one sense
Anemia of chronic renal failure - ANSWER-Erythropoietin deficiency;
damage to kidney, uremic toxins in blood
Aneuploidy - ANSWER-Doesn't contain all 23 chromosomes
Aplastic anemia - ANSWER-Hematopoietic failure/bone marrow
aplasia; reduction of production of mature cells by bone marrow
Aplastic anemia complications - ANSWER-Peripheral pancytopenia
(anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)
Atherosclerosis - ANSWER-Chronic inflammatory condition that results
from interaction of many pathophysiologic processes culminating
damage to arterial walls
Base-pair mutation - ANSWER-Amino acid substitution in DNA
Body's process for adapting to high hormone levels - ANSWER-Down
regulation-decreased cell sensitivity from decreased receptor sites
when hormone concentration is high
Bones of appendicular skeleton - ANSWER-Upper/lower limbs
, Pectoral/shoulder girdle
Pelvic girdle
Capillary oncotic pressure - ANSWER-pulling pressure of proteins
(albumin) into fluid compartment
Cause of acute airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis - ANSWER-
Thick mucus, narrowed airways due to hypertrophy of bronchial
smooth muscle and inflammation
Cause of Cheyne-stokes respirations - ANSWER-Any condition that
slows blood flow to brainstem, slowing impulses sending info to
respiratory centers of the brain
Cause of substance release at the synapse - ANSWER-Action potential
causes synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitter through plasma
membrane into the synaptic cleft
Causes of agnosia - ANSWER-Most common: CVA
Can arise from pathological process that injures specific area of the
brain
Causes of aplastic anemia - ANSWER-Chemical/radiation exposure,
viral infection, tumors, abx/meds, diuretics, DM meds, congenital
defects
Causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER-Hypertonicity, diarrhea, vomiting,
uncontrolled DM, tube feedings, diuretics, loss of free water, burns, DI
Causes of hypoparathyroidism - ANSWER-Parathyroid injury or
removal
Exam Test Merged With Correct
Verified And Well Analyzed
Answers Graded A+ (2025-2026
Latest Update)!!!
2 dominant underlying causes of cerebral infarction - ANSWER-
Atherosclerosis and hypotension
3 causes of cerebral infarction - ANSWER-1. Abrupt vascular occlusion
(embolus or thrombi)-most common
2. Gradual vessel occlusion (atheroma)
3. Stenosed, partially occluded vessels
3rd space includes what fluid - ANSWER-Lymph, gastric, saliva, bile,
pancreatic, pleural, ileal, cecal, CSF, sweat, synovial, peritoneal,
pericardial, intraocular
Accumulation of blood in subarachnoid hemorrhage - ANSWER-Escape
of blood from defective/injured vasculature into subarachnoid space,
increasing intracranial volume, irritating meninges/neural tissue,
producing inflammatory response
,Acquired immunity - ANSWER-Immune response; slow to develop,
more effective with subsequent infections
ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism - ANSWER-Overproduction of
pituitary ACTH by pituitary adenoma
Active immunity - ANSWER-Vaccination
Agnosia - ANSWER-Defect of pattern recognition; failure to recognize
form and nature of objects
Tactile, visual, or auditory
Generally, affects one sense
Anemia of chronic renal failure - ANSWER-Erythropoietin deficiency;
damage to kidney, uremic toxins in blood
Aneuploidy - ANSWER-Doesn't contain all 23 chromosomes
Aplastic anemia - ANSWER-Hematopoietic failure/bone marrow
aplasia; reduction of production of mature cells by bone marrow
Aplastic anemia complications - ANSWER-Peripheral pancytopenia
(anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)
Atherosclerosis - ANSWER-Chronic inflammatory condition that results
from interaction of many pathophysiologic processes culminating
damage to arterial walls
Base-pair mutation - ANSWER-Amino acid substitution in DNA
Body's process for adapting to high hormone levels - ANSWER-Down
regulation-decreased cell sensitivity from decreased receptor sites
when hormone concentration is high
Bones of appendicular skeleton - ANSWER-Upper/lower limbs
, Pectoral/shoulder girdle
Pelvic girdle
Capillary oncotic pressure - ANSWER-pulling pressure of proteins
(albumin) into fluid compartment
Cause of acute airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis - ANSWER-
Thick mucus, narrowed airways due to hypertrophy of bronchial
smooth muscle and inflammation
Cause of Cheyne-stokes respirations - ANSWER-Any condition that
slows blood flow to brainstem, slowing impulses sending info to
respiratory centers of the brain
Cause of substance release at the synapse - ANSWER-Action potential
causes synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitter through plasma
membrane into the synaptic cleft
Causes of agnosia - ANSWER-Most common: CVA
Can arise from pathological process that injures specific area of the
brain
Causes of aplastic anemia - ANSWER-Chemical/radiation exposure,
viral infection, tumors, abx/meds, diuretics, DM meds, congenital
defects
Causes of hypernatremia - ANSWER-Hypertonicity, diarrhea, vomiting,
uncontrolled DM, tube feedings, diuretics, loss of free water, burns, DI
Causes of hypoparathyroidism - ANSWER-Parathyroid injury or
removal
