NURS 629 Exam 3 | Exam Prep Questions
and Answers | 100% Verified
‣ What is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)? -✓✓A condition
characterized by symptoms or mucosal damage produced by the backward
movement of gastric contents into the esophagus.
‣ What are some lifestyle recommendations for managing GERD? -✓✓Avoid large
meals, eat meals sitting up, and lose weight if overweight.
‣ Barrett Esophagus -✓✓Metaplastic replacement of squamous epithelium with
columnar above normal Z-line secondary to longstanding reflux.
‣ Esophageal Cancer -✓✓Squamous cell carcinoma is related to alcohol and
tobacco use; adenocarcinoma is related to Barrett Esophagus. Initial symptoms are
very vague.
‣ Acute Gastritis -✓✓Transient inflammation of the gastric mucosa associated with
local irritants such as bacterial endotoxins, alcohol, and ASA.
‣ Chronic Gastritis -✓✓Characterized by the absence of grossly visible erosions
and the presence of chronic inflammatory changes. Remember: autoantibodies are
involved.
‣ Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) -✓✓Ulcerative disorders that occur in areas of the
upper gastrointestinal tract that are exposed to acid-pepsin secretions.
‣ PUD causes -✓✓H. Pylori, ASA, Age, Warfarin, Smoking.
‣ What is the gold standard for establishing presence of H. Pylori? -✓✓Endoscopic
biopsy for urease testing.
‣ Complications of peptic ulcer -✓✓Hemorrhage
Caused by bleeding from granulation tissue or from erosion of an ulcer into an
artery or vein
Obstruction
, Caused by edema, spasm, or contraction of scar tissue and interference with the
free passage of gastric contents through the pylorus or adjacent areas
Perforation
Occurs when an ulcer erodes through all the layers of the stomach or duodenum
wall
‣ Appendicitis -✓✓The appendix becomes inflamed, swollen, and gangrenous, and
it eventually perforates if not treated. It is related to infraluminal obstruction.
‣ Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) -✓✓Chronic inflammation of the
gastrointestinal tract. Consists of Chron's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
‣ irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) -✓✓periodic disturbances of bowel function, such
as diarrhea and/or constipation, usually associated with abdominal pain
‣ Diverticulosis -✓✓abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon.
‣ Diverticulitis -✓✓Inflammation of diverticula in the colon. Pain in the LLQ, N/V,
elevated WBC, slight fever.
‣ Celiac Disease -✓✓an inherited autoimmune disorder characterized by a severe
reaction to foods containing gluten. Presents in children.
‣ What is the diagnostic tool for Celiac Disease? -✓✓Small Bowel biopsy
‣ Health risks associated with obesity include: -✓✓HTN, HLD, type 2 DM, CAD
‣ Cholecystitis -✓✓inflammation of the gallbladder
‣ Cholelithiasis -✓✓gallstones in the gallbladder
‣ What is the function of Cholecystokinin? -✓✓Stimulates contraction of the
gallbladder, stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes, slows gastric emptying.
‣ What is the function of the parietal cells? (digestive tract) -✓✓secretes
hydrochloric acid (HCL, AKA gastric acid) using the ATP-ase proton pump.
and Answers | 100% Verified
‣ What is Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)? -✓✓A condition
characterized by symptoms or mucosal damage produced by the backward
movement of gastric contents into the esophagus.
‣ What are some lifestyle recommendations for managing GERD? -✓✓Avoid large
meals, eat meals sitting up, and lose weight if overweight.
‣ Barrett Esophagus -✓✓Metaplastic replacement of squamous epithelium with
columnar above normal Z-line secondary to longstanding reflux.
‣ Esophageal Cancer -✓✓Squamous cell carcinoma is related to alcohol and
tobacco use; adenocarcinoma is related to Barrett Esophagus. Initial symptoms are
very vague.
‣ Acute Gastritis -✓✓Transient inflammation of the gastric mucosa associated with
local irritants such as bacterial endotoxins, alcohol, and ASA.
‣ Chronic Gastritis -✓✓Characterized by the absence of grossly visible erosions
and the presence of chronic inflammatory changes. Remember: autoantibodies are
involved.
‣ Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) -✓✓Ulcerative disorders that occur in areas of the
upper gastrointestinal tract that are exposed to acid-pepsin secretions.
‣ PUD causes -✓✓H. Pylori, ASA, Age, Warfarin, Smoking.
‣ What is the gold standard for establishing presence of H. Pylori? -✓✓Endoscopic
biopsy for urease testing.
‣ Complications of peptic ulcer -✓✓Hemorrhage
Caused by bleeding from granulation tissue or from erosion of an ulcer into an
artery or vein
Obstruction
, Caused by edema, spasm, or contraction of scar tissue and interference with the
free passage of gastric contents through the pylorus or adjacent areas
Perforation
Occurs when an ulcer erodes through all the layers of the stomach or duodenum
wall
‣ Appendicitis -✓✓The appendix becomes inflamed, swollen, and gangrenous, and
it eventually perforates if not treated. It is related to infraluminal obstruction.
‣ Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) -✓✓Chronic inflammation of the
gastrointestinal tract. Consists of Chron's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
‣ irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) -✓✓periodic disturbances of bowel function, such
as diarrhea and/or constipation, usually associated with abdominal pain
‣ Diverticulosis -✓✓abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon.
‣ Diverticulitis -✓✓Inflammation of diverticula in the colon. Pain in the LLQ, N/V,
elevated WBC, slight fever.
‣ Celiac Disease -✓✓an inherited autoimmune disorder characterized by a severe
reaction to foods containing gluten. Presents in children.
‣ What is the diagnostic tool for Celiac Disease? -✓✓Small Bowel biopsy
‣ Health risks associated with obesity include: -✓✓HTN, HLD, type 2 DM, CAD
‣ Cholecystitis -✓✓inflammation of the gallbladder
‣ Cholelithiasis -✓✓gallstones in the gallbladder
‣ What is the function of Cholecystokinin? -✓✓Stimulates contraction of the
gallbladder, stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes, slows gastric emptying.
‣ What is the function of the parietal cells? (digestive tract) -✓✓secretes
hydrochloric acid (HCL, AKA gastric acid) using the ATP-ase proton pump.
