Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and
Answers (2026) | Latest Test Bank with Verified
Solutions | Grade A+
• Potassium Value . Answer: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
• Sodium value . Answer: 135-145 mEq/L
• Calcium value . Answer: 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
• Phosphate value . Answer: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
• Magnesium value . Answer: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
• Low or high potassium . Answer: hypokalemia / hyperkalemia
• low or high sodium . Answer: hyponatremia / hypernatremia
• low or high phosphate . Answer: hypophophatemia
• low or high chloride . Answer: hypochloremia
• low or high magnesium . Answer: hypomagnesemia
• low or high calcium . Answer: hypocalcemia
• Pathophysiology . Answer: the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of
living beings
• Pathology . Answer: the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids
• Etiology . Answer: The study of the causes and origins of disease
• pathogenesis . Answer: development or evolution of a disease
• clinical manifestation . Answer: signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
• exacerbation . Answer: a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or any
of its signs and symptom
• remission . Answer: decline in severity of symptoms
• sequela . Answer: a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or
injury
, • acute . Answer: sudden onset and short duration
• chronic . Answer: long term
• Primary level of prevention . Answer: -addresses needs of healthy clients, prevents
disease
ex: immunization programs, health ed in school, car seat education
• Secondary level of prevention . Answer: -conduction activities that help prevent a
worsening health status
-identifying disease, screening
ex: early detection & treatment of type 2 diabetes
• Tertiary level of prevention . Answer: -supports optimal functioning
-prevents long term consequences of a chronic illness or disability
ex: preventing pressure ulcer, promoting independence after brain injury
• 3 stages of adaptation (GAS) . Answer: alarm, adaptation/resistance, exhaustion
• adaptation/resistance stage . Answer: trying to return to homeotasis,
once in this state, bringing them back to normal is risky
able to function through adaptation
• alarm stage . Answer: fight or flight response
reduced resistance to stressors
all perfusion to major organs
digestion stops
Suppressed immune response
catecholamines (epi and norepi)
adrenocortical steroids (cortisol and aldostrone)
• exhaustion stage . Answer: cannot return to homeostasis, energy sources depleted,
disease process sets in and permanent symptoms show up.
• Fluid excretion from? . Answer: skin(sweating), lungs(exhaling), bowels, urine (largest
amount from urine)
• Causes of fluid deficits . Answer: Vomiting, diarrhea
• what is the electrolyte pool? . Answer: bone marrow (calcium, magnesium, phosphate)
Answers (2026) | Latest Test Bank with Verified
Solutions | Grade A+
• Potassium Value . Answer: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
• Sodium value . Answer: 135-145 mEq/L
• Calcium value . Answer: 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
• Phosphate value . Answer: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
• Magnesium value . Answer: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
• Low or high potassium . Answer: hypokalemia / hyperkalemia
• low or high sodium . Answer: hyponatremia / hypernatremia
• low or high phosphate . Answer: hypophophatemia
• low or high chloride . Answer: hypochloremia
• low or high magnesium . Answer: hypomagnesemia
• low or high calcium . Answer: hypocalcemia
• Pathophysiology . Answer: the study of abnormalities in physiologic functioning of
living beings
• Pathology . Answer: the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of
organs, tissues, cells, and bodily fluids
• Etiology . Answer: The study of the causes and origins of disease
• pathogenesis . Answer: development or evolution of a disease
• clinical manifestation . Answer: signs and symptoms or evidence of disease
• exacerbation . Answer: a relatively sudden increase in the severity of a disease or any
of its signs and symptom
• remission . Answer: decline in severity of symptoms
• sequela . Answer: a disorder or condition usually resulting from a previous disease or
injury
, • acute . Answer: sudden onset and short duration
• chronic . Answer: long term
• Primary level of prevention . Answer: -addresses needs of healthy clients, prevents
disease
ex: immunization programs, health ed in school, car seat education
• Secondary level of prevention . Answer: -conduction activities that help prevent a
worsening health status
-identifying disease, screening
ex: early detection & treatment of type 2 diabetes
• Tertiary level of prevention . Answer: -supports optimal functioning
-prevents long term consequences of a chronic illness or disability
ex: preventing pressure ulcer, promoting independence after brain injury
• 3 stages of adaptation (GAS) . Answer: alarm, adaptation/resistance, exhaustion
• adaptation/resistance stage . Answer: trying to return to homeotasis,
once in this state, bringing them back to normal is risky
able to function through adaptation
• alarm stage . Answer: fight or flight response
reduced resistance to stressors
all perfusion to major organs
digestion stops
Suppressed immune response
catecholamines (epi and norepi)
adrenocortical steroids (cortisol and aldostrone)
• exhaustion stage . Answer: cannot return to homeostasis, energy sources depleted,
disease process sets in and permanent symptoms show up.
• Fluid excretion from? . Answer: skin(sweating), lungs(exhaling), bowels, urine (largest
amount from urine)
• Causes of fluid deficits . Answer: Vomiting, diarrhea
• what is the electrolyte pool? . Answer: bone marrow (calcium, magnesium, phosphate)
