NUR 342 Final Exam
Research - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Hypothesis-driven
Quality Improvement - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Local system improvement
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Integration of best evidence with clinical
expertise and patient values
Research Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Generation of generalizable knowledge
- IRB oversight
- Voluntary participation
Clinical Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Individual patient welfare
- Institutional policy
- Treatment relationship
Clinical Role - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Advocate for patient autonomy, dignity, and safe care
Research Role - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Protect research participants, ensure ethical conduct of
studies, and maintain protocol fidelity
Ethics in Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Nurses Have:
- Moral agency (make ethical choices based on right and wrong and to be held accountable)
- Fiduciary duty (legal and ethical obligation requiring us to act I the best interest of our patients)
- Public trust
- Patient safety
- Legal accountability
- Professional standards
- Social contract with society (unwritten agreement between a profession and society)
ANA Code of Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ *Our Standard*
- Definitive standard guiding nurses in ethical practice, patient advocacy, professional integrity, and
social justice
Elements of Informed Consent - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Disclosure
- Comprehension
- Documentation
Assessing Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Orientation
- Understanding
, - Appreciation
- Reasoning
Autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Honoring a patient's rights to self-determination and to make
their own informed decisions regarding care
- Individuals have the right to make decisions
- Requires informed consent
- Protects vulnerable populations
Beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Acting in the best interest of the patient; doing good and
providing compassionate care
- Maximize benefits
- Minimize risks
- Ensure research has value
Nonmaleficence - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ The obligation to "do no harm," ensuring patient safety
and avoiding negligent care
- Avoid unnecessary risk
- Monitor for adverse effects
Justice - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Treating patients fairly, equally, and without prejudice regarding
their care and resources
Ethical Dilemma - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Recognize and Clearly Define the Dilemma
- Identify that a true ethical conflict exists
- Ask: "what values or principles are in conflict?"
- Distinguish ethical issues from legal or purely clinical problems
Gather Relevant Contextual/Clinical Evidence
- Assess the patient's condition, prognosis, decision-making capacity, and expressed wishes
- Review advanced directives, code status, and documentation
- Identify stakeholders (patient, family, providers)
- Clarify institutional policy and applicable laws
Communicate and Collaborate - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Engage in interprofessional discussion
(physicians, social work, chaplain)
- Facilitate patient/family conversations to clarify goals of care
Research - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Hypothesis-driven
Quality Improvement - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Local system improvement
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Integration of best evidence with clinical
expertise and patient values
Research Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Generation of generalizable knowledge
- IRB oversight
- Voluntary participation
Clinical Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Individual patient welfare
- Institutional policy
- Treatment relationship
Clinical Role - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Advocate for patient autonomy, dignity, and safe care
Research Role - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Protect research participants, ensure ethical conduct of
studies, and maintain protocol fidelity
Ethics in Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Nurses Have:
- Moral agency (make ethical choices based on right and wrong and to be held accountable)
- Fiduciary duty (legal and ethical obligation requiring us to act I the best interest of our patients)
- Public trust
- Patient safety
- Legal accountability
- Professional standards
- Social contract with society (unwritten agreement between a profession and society)
ANA Code of Ethics - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ *Our Standard*
- Definitive standard guiding nurses in ethical practice, patient advocacy, professional integrity, and
social justice
Elements of Informed Consent - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Disclosure
- Comprehension
- Documentation
Assessing Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Orientation
- Understanding
, - Appreciation
- Reasoning
Autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Honoring a patient's rights to self-determination and to make
their own informed decisions regarding care
- Individuals have the right to make decisions
- Requires informed consent
- Protects vulnerable populations
Beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Acting in the best interest of the patient; doing good and
providing compassionate care
- Maximize benefits
- Minimize risks
- Ensure research has value
Nonmaleficence - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ The obligation to "do no harm," ensuring patient safety
and avoiding negligent care
- Avoid unnecessary risk
- Monitor for adverse effects
Justice - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Treating patients fairly, equally, and without prejudice regarding
their care and resources
Ethical Dilemma - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ Recognize and Clearly Define the Dilemma
- Identify that a true ethical conflict exists
- Ask: "what values or principles are in conflict?"
- Distinguish ethical issues from legal or purely clinical problems
Gather Relevant Contextual/Clinical Evidence
- Assess the patient's condition, prognosis, decision-making capacity, and expressed wishes
- Review advanced directives, code status, and documentation
- Identify stakeholders (patient, family, providers)
- Clarify institutional policy and applicable laws
Communicate and Collaborate - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔✔ - Engage in interprofessional discussion
(physicians, social work, chaplain)
- Facilitate patient/family conversations to clarify goals of care
