NUR 109 – Foundations in Nursing
Final Exam (Excelsior College) Verified
Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationales (2026/2027 Updated)
Part 1: Nursing Fundamentals & The Nursing Process
Question 1: Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of the
nursing process?
A) To perform physician orders
B) To provide a framework for individualized patient care
C) To document patient care accurately
D) To administer medications safely
Answer: B) To provide a framework for individualized patient care
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic, patient-centered approach
used to assess, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate care tailored to each
patient’s specific needs.
1
, Question 2: Which part of the nursing diagnosis identifies the cause of the
patient’s problem?
A) Defining characteristics
B) Related factors (Etiology)
C) Risk factors
D) Goals
Answer: B) Related factors (Etiology)
Rationale: Related factors explain the etiology or cause of the nursing
diagnosis, providing the "why" behind the patient’s condition.
Question 3: In order for the client to be successful in reaching goals and
outcomes, what is the most critical element?
A) The client is alert and oriented.
B) The client has the same goals and focus as the nursing plan.
C) The family is supportive of the goals.
D) The physician agrees with the treatment.
2
Final Exam (Excelsior College) Verified
Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationales (2026/2027 Updated)
Part 1: Nursing Fundamentals & The Nursing Process
Question 1: Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of the
nursing process?
A) To perform physician orders
B) To provide a framework for individualized patient care
C) To document patient care accurately
D) To administer medications safely
Answer: B) To provide a framework for individualized patient care
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic, patient-centered approach
used to assess, diagnose, plan, implement, and evaluate care tailored to each
patient’s specific needs.
1
, Question 2: Which part of the nursing diagnosis identifies the cause of the
patient’s problem?
A) Defining characteristics
B) Related factors (Etiology)
C) Risk factors
D) Goals
Answer: B) Related factors (Etiology)
Rationale: Related factors explain the etiology or cause of the nursing
diagnosis, providing the "why" behind the patient’s condition.
Question 3: In order for the client to be successful in reaching goals and
outcomes, what is the most critical element?
A) The client is alert and oriented.
B) The client has the same goals and focus as the nursing plan.
C) The family is supportive of the goals.
D) The physician agrees with the treatment.
2
