NSC 3361 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
What does the central NS contain? - Answer- brain and spinal cord
What does the peripheral NS contain? - Answer- cranial and spinal nerves
Motor nerves - Answer- efferent; carry info from spinal cord and brain to parts of the
body
Sensory nerves - Answer- afferent; stimulus info is conveyed from the body to the CNS
Where do somatic nerves connect? - Answer- brain, major muscles, sensory systems in
the body
Where do autonomic nerves connect? - Answer- visceral organs
Somatic nerves - Answer- cranial (12) and spinal (31)
What are preganglionic neurons? - Answer- carry information from the CNS to the
autonomic ganglia
What are postganglionic neurons? - Answer- carry info from the autonomic ganglia to
the targets in the body
To be classified as a neurotransmitter - Answer- 1.synthesized in presynaptic neurons
and stored in axon terminals
2. released when action potentials reach terminals
3. recognized by receptors on postsynaptic membrane
4. causes changes in a postsynaptic cell
5. blocking its release interferes with effect on postsynaptic cell
Classes of neurotransmitters - Answer- amino acids, amines, peptides, gas
Amino acid neurotransmitters - Answer- GABA, glutamate, glycine
What are the two types of cells in the brain? - Answer- Neurons and glial cells
What are the four zones of a neuron? - Answer- input zone, integration zone,
conduction zone, output zone
, What happens at the input zone? - Answer- dendrites receive signal
What happens in the integration zone? - Answer- in the soma, info is integrated
What happens in the conduction zone? - Answer- axons carry the action potential to the
dendrites
What happens in the output zone? - Answer- the action potential reaches the axon
terminals and transmitters are released into synapse.
What are the 3 kinds of neurons(structure)? - Answer- multipolar, bipolar,
pseudounipolar
What are the 3 kinds of neurons(function)? - Answer- motor, sensory, interneurons
What are the 4 glial cells? - Answer- oligodendrocytes, shwann cells, astrocytes,
microglial cells
What is the function of oligodendrocytes? - Answer- insulate axons with myelin
What is the function of schwann cells? - Answer- insulate axons with myelin
What is the function of astrocytes? - Answer- form tough, outer membrane of the brain;
secrete chemical signals that effect transmission and formation of synapses
What is the function of microglial cells? - Answer- clean up debris
What is the function of ependymal cells? - Answer- line ventricles, secrete and absorb
CSF
What are the divisions of the nervous system? - Answer- central NS and peripheral
peripheral: autonomic+ somatic
autonomic: sympathetic+ parasympathetic
What is the function of the sympathetic NS - Answer- fight or flight
What is the function of the parasympathetic NS - Answer- rest/ digest
What are the four lobes of the brain and their main job? - Answer- - frontal (executive
function)
- occipital (vision)
- temporal (hearing)
- parietal (somatosensory)
What is the boundary separating the frontal and parietal lobe - Answer- central sulcus
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
What does the central NS contain? - Answer- brain and spinal cord
What does the peripheral NS contain? - Answer- cranial and spinal nerves
Motor nerves - Answer- efferent; carry info from spinal cord and brain to parts of the
body
Sensory nerves - Answer- afferent; stimulus info is conveyed from the body to the CNS
Where do somatic nerves connect? - Answer- brain, major muscles, sensory systems in
the body
Where do autonomic nerves connect? - Answer- visceral organs
Somatic nerves - Answer- cranial (12) and spinal (31)
What are preganglionic neurons? - Answer- carry information from the CNS to the
autonomic ganglia
What are postganglionic neurons? - Answer- carry info from the autonomic ganglia to
the targets in the body
To be classified as a neurotransmitter - Answer- 1.synthesized in presynaptic neurons
and stored in axon terminals
2. released when action potentials reach terminals
3. recognized by receptors on postsynaptic membrane
4. causes changes in a postsynaptic cell
5. blocking its release interferes with effect on postsynaptic cell
Classes of neurotransmitters - Answer- amino acids, amines, peptides, gas
Amino acid neurotransmitters - Answer- GABA, glutamate, glycine
What are the two types of cells in the brain? - Answer- Neurons and glial cells
What are the four zones of a neuron? - Answer- input zone, integration zone,
conduction zone, output zone
, What happens at the input zone? - Answer- dendrites receive signal
What happens in the integration zone? - Answer- in the soma, info is integrated
What happens in the conduction zone? - Answer- axons carry the action potential to the
dendrites
What happens in the output zone? - Answer- the action potential reaches the axon
terminals and transmitters are released into synapse.
What are the 3 kinds of neurons(structure)? - Answer- multipolar, bipolar,
pseudounipolar
What are the 3 kinds of neurons(function)? - Answer- motor, sensory, interneurons
What are the 4 glial cells? - Answer- oligodendrocytes, shwann cells, astrocytes,
microglial cells
What is the function of oligodendrocytes? - Answer- insulate axons with myelin
What is the function of schwann cells? - Answer- insulate axons with myelin
What is the function of astrocytes? - Answer- form tough, outer membrane of the brain;
secrete chemical signals that effect transmission and formation of synapses
What is the function of microglial cells? - Answer- clean up debris
What is the function of ependymal cells? - Answer- line ventricles, secrete and absorb
CSF
What are the divisions of the nervous system? - Answer- central NS and peripheral
peripheral: autonomic+ somatic
autonomic: sympathetic+ parasympathetic
What is the function of the sympathetic NS - Answer- fight or flight
What is the function of the parasympathetic NS - Answer- rest/ digest
What are the four lobes of the brain and their main job? - Answer- - frontal (executive
function)
- occipital (vision)
- temporal (hearing)
- parietal (somatosensory)
What is the boundary separating the frontal and parietal lobe - Answer- central sulcus
