AICE Geography Unit 1 (Hydrology and Fluvial
Geomorphology) Newest Exam with Complete Questions
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Factors affecting river discharge
Climate, precipitation, antecedent moisture, temperature/evaporation,
transpiration/evapotranspiration, and seasonality.
Climate (factors affecting river discharge)
River discharge responds to changes in the input of precipitation and to
changes in the outputs of evaporation and transpiration, and therefore
climate has a huge
impact on the levels of river discharge. Can also cause snow or ice to melt,
which contributes to rising levels of the river.
Precipitation (factors affecting river discharge)
Only input (excluding percolation and infiltration, which occurs as a result of
precipitation) into the system. Rain levels contribute to large or low river
levels. Type (hail, rain, snow, sleet, etc.) and intensity.
,Antecedent moisture (factors affecting river discharge/definition)
If the ground is already saturated from previous rainfall, a new input of
rain will not be able to infiltrate into the soil, causing large amounts of
overland flow and
increasing discharge rapidly.
Transpiration/evapotranspiration (factors affecting river discharge)
Forests and vegetation tend to reduce the discharge of the river due to
increased interception and increased transpiration.
Seasonality (factors affecting river discharge)
Refers to how temperatures and climates change with the seasons; can
result in long dry seasons and melting ice/snow. Colder weather results
in lowered
evapotranspiration rates, and rainfall levels can fluctuate throughout the
year.
Factors affecting a drainage basin
Size and shape, drainage density, soil and rock type, slopes, vegetation, land
use.
Size and shape (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Smaller basins collect less rainfall and respond more rapidly to inputs of
rainfall;
circular basins respond more rapidly to rainfall and have higher discharge
opposed to long, narrow basins.
, Drainage density (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Defined as the total length of surface streams per square km, related to
infiltration rate; basins with low infiltration have more overland flow and
higher drainage density than basins with high infiltration; drainage basins
with high drainage density respond more quickly to inputs of rainfall so
they have rapid surface runoff high
discharge.
Soil and rock type (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Impermeable/porous topography affects how much water can be held in
the soil of a drainage basin.
Pervious definition
Describes rock that is is permeable; rocks that allow water to percolate
through them.
Slopes (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Drainage basins with steep slopes will have more overland flow and
high river levels than a basin with more gentle slopes where there is more
time for water to infiltrate.
Vegetation type (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Concentrated vegetation contributes to higher levels of interception and
transpiration
Geomorphology) Newest Exam with Complete Questions
& Accurate Answers\Verified 100% Graded A+ (Verified
Answers) Already Graded A+ | Guaranteed Success!!
Brand New Exam | Just Released!!
Factors affecting river discharge
Climate, precipitation, antecedent moisture, temperature/evaporation,
transpiration/evapotranspiration, and seasonality.
Climate (factors affecting river discharge)
River discharge responds to changes in the input of precipitation and to
changes in the outputs of evaporation and transpiration, and therefore
climate has a huge
impact on the levels of river discharge. Can also cause snow or ice to melt,
which contributes to rising levels of the river.
Precipitation (factors affecting river discharge)
Only input (excluding percolation and infiltration, which occurs as a result of
precipitation) into the system. Rain levels contribute to large or low river
levels. Type (hail, rain, snow, sleet, etc.) and intensity.
,Antecedent moisture (factors affecting river discharge/definition)
If the ground is already saturated from previous rainfall, a new input of
rain will not be able to infiltrate into the soil, causing large amounts of
overland flow and
increasing discharge rapidly.
Transpiration/evapotranspiration (factors affecting river discharge)
Forests and vegetation tend to reduce the discharge of the river due to
increased interception and increased transpiration.
Seasonality (factors affecting river discharge)
Refers to how temperatures and climates change with the seasons; can
result in long dry seasons and melting ice/snow. Colder weather results
in lowered
evapotranspiration rates, and rainfall levels can fluctuate throughout the
year.
Factors affecting a drainage basin
Size and shape, drainage density, soil and rock type, slopes, vegetation, land
use.
Size and shape (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Smaller basins collect less rainfall and respond more rapidly to inputs of
rainfall;
circular basins respond more rapidly to rainfall and have higher discharge
opposed to long, narrow basins.
, Drainage density (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Defined as the total length of surface streams per square km, related to
infiltration rate; basins with low infiltration have more overland flow and
higher drainage density than basins with high infiltration; drainage basins
with high drainage density respond more quickly to inputs of rainfall so
they have rapid surface runoff high
discharge.
Soil and rock type (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Impermeable/porous topography affects how much water can be held in
the soil of a drainage basin.
Pervious definition
Describes rock that is is permeable; rocks that allow water to percolate
through them.
Slopes (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Drainage basins with steep slopes will have more overland flow and
high river levels than a basin with more gentle slopes where there is more
time for water to infiltrate.
Vegetation type (factors affecting a drainage basin)
Concentrated vegetation contributes to higher levels of interception and
transpiration
