ACCURATE ANSWERS |LATEST VERSION 2026|2027
Incorrect
Status: Passed!!
62 Questions & Answers
, 1 of 62
Term
A 40 year old male presents severe attacks of vertigo and tinnitus that
last 2-4 hours. He also complains of aural fullness and hearing loss in
one ear. Which of the following are you most concerned about?
a) vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma)
b) labyrinthitis
c) vestibular neuritis
d) endolymphatic hydrops (Meniere's disease)
BONUS: what is the best treatment for this?
Give this one a try later!
a) optic neuritis
BONUS: Marcus Gunn pupil
The worsening of sx is called the Uhthoff phenomenon
This condition is known as a demyelinating optic nerve inflammatory disorder
often a/w multiple sclerosis
MRI can be done to assess demyelinating lesions of MS
clinical dx: pain triggered by eye movement, progressive vision loss, deceased
color vision, and a normal or swollen optic disc
Tx: refer to neurology/ophthalmology, high dose IV corticosteroid for 3 days
followed by oral to shorten recovery, vision will improve spontaneously at 2-3
weeks
, d) endolymphatic hydrops (Meniere's disease)
BONUS: tx is a low salt diet and oral diuretic therapy
vestibular schwannoma: benign slow growing tumor on the 8th cranial nerve,
dx with MRI, insidious onset of progressive unilateral hearing loss with tinnitus
and vertigo
labyrinthitis: sudden and persisitant vertigo, hearing changes and vergio
usually caused by a viral infection, lasts days to weeks, URI sx
vestibular neuritis: sudden and persisitant vertigo, URI sx, vertigo, no change
in hearing, eipsodes lasts days to weeks
b) budding yeast on KOH smear
BONUS: topical agents like nystatin suspension swish spit swallow, clotrimazole
stroches
Pseudomembranous is the MC form of thrush (candidiasis). Atrophic (denture
stomatitis) would show erythema w/o plaques, and under upper dentures. Angular
chelitis will present as painful fissures of the corner of the mouth
oral herpes simplex: cold sores from HSV-1, can be asx, causes vesicular lesions,
children have gingivostomatitis, adults have severe pharyngitis, test with PCR, tx is
acyclovir or valacyclovir
aphthous ulcers (canker sores, recurrent aphthous stomatitis): presents as painful
shallow round/oval recurrent oral ulcers in the absence of systemic disease, will see
yellow gray centers surrounded by red halos on the buccal and labial mucosa, no
testing, tx is topical corticosteroids or oral prednisone for complex dz
, b) age related macular degeneration
This is the MCC of irreversible central vision impairment/blindness in pts over 60
BONUS: oral antioxidants (vitamin A, C and E), zinc and copper
Tobacco is a big risk factor for ARMD
Wet is the MCC of ARMD blindness, but dry is the MCC of ARMD
Wet tx: laser coagulopathy, intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy (to stop new vessel
growth). This kind you would see l e a kDi nogn ' tekxnuodwa?t e that leads to scarring
Dry: you would see slower progression, drusen, and geographic atrophy
2 of 62
Term
Which of the following are you most likely to see on fundoscopy in a
patient with central or branch retinal vein occlusion?
a) cotton wool spots
b) drusen
c) cherry red spot
d) blood and thunder retinal hemorrhage
Give this one a try later!
d) blood and thunder retinal hemorrhage
This is also a sudden monocualr painless vision loss
a) small branching epithelial dendrites
Incorrect
Status: Passed!!
62 Questions & Answers
, 1 of 62
Term
A 40 year old male presents severe attacks of vertigo and tinnitus that
last 2-4 hours. He also complains of aural fullness and hearing loss in
one ear. Which of the following are you most concerned about?
a) vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma)
b) labyrinthitis
c) vestibular neuritis
d) endolymphatic hydrops (Meniere's disease)
BONUS: what is the best treatment for this?
Give this one a try later!
a) optic neuritis
BONUS: Marcus Gunn pupil
The worsening of sx is called the Uhthoff phenomenon
This condition is known as a demyelinating optic nerve inflammatory disorder
often a/w multiple sclerosis
MRI can be done to assess demyelinating lesions of MS
clinical dx: pain triggered by eye movement, progressive vision loss, deceased
color vision, and a normal or swollen optic disc
Tx: refer to neurology/ophthalmology, high dose IV corticosteroid for 3 days
followed by oral to shorten recovery, vision will improve spontaneously at 2-3
weeks
, d) endolymphatic hydrops (Meniere's disease)
BONUS: tx is a low salt diet and oral diuretic therapy
vestibular schwannoma: benign slow growing tumor on the 8th cranial nerve,
dx with MRI, insidious onset of progressive unilateral hearing loss with tinnitus
and vertigo
labyrinthitis: sudden and persisitant vertigo, hearing changes and vergio
usually caused by a viral infection, lasts days to weeks, URI sx
vestibular neuritis: sudden and persisitant vertigo, URI sx, vertigo, no change
in hearing, eipsodes lasts days to weeks
b) budding yeast on KOH smear
BONUS: topical agents like nystatin suspension swish spit swallow, clotrimazole
stroches
Pseudomembranous is the MC form of thrush (candidiasis). Atrophic (denture
stomatitis) would show erythema w/o plaques, and under upper dentures. Angular
chelitis will present as painful fissures of the corner of the mouth
oral herpes simplex: cold sores from HSV-1, can be asx, causes vesicular lesions,
children have gingivostomatitis, adults have severe pharyngitis, test with PCR, tx is
acyclovir or valacyclovir
aphthous ulcers (canker sores, recurrent aphthous stomatitis): presents as painful
shallow round/oval recurrent oral ulcers in the absence of systemic disease, will see
yellow gray centers surrounded by red halos on the buccal and labial mucosa, no
testing, tx is topical corticosteroids or oral prednisone for complex dz
, b) age related macular degeneration
This is the MCC of irreversible central vision impairment/blindness in pts over 60
BONUS: oral antioxidants (vitamin A, C and E), zinc and copper
Tobacco is a big risk factor for ARMD
Wet is the MCC of ARMD blindness, but dry is the MCC of ARMD
Wet tx: laser coagulopathy, intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy (to stop new vessel
growth). This kind you would see l e a kDi nogn ' tekxnuodwa?t e that leads to scarring
Dry: you would see slower progression, drusen, and geographic atrophy
2 of 62
Term
Which of the following are you most likely to see on fundoscopy in a
patient with central or branch retinal vein occlusion?
a) cotton wool spots
b) drusen
c) cherry red spot
d) blood and thunder retinal hemorrhage
Give this one a try later!
d) blood and thunder retinal hemorrhage
This is also a sudden monocualr painless vision loss
a) small branching epithelial dendrites
