MGY 377 ACTUAL FINAL EXAM WITH 100% CORRECT
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Theta replication - answer-DNA replication in
prokaryotes, so named because as replication
proceeds around the single, circular chromosome,
it takes on the appearance of the Greek letter theta.
- can be bidirectional or unidirectional
Transformation - answer-process in which one
strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes
from another strain of bacteria
Conjugation - answer-In bacteria, the direct
transfer of DNA between two cells that are
temporarily joined.
Phage Transduction - answer-Non-consensual
transfer of DNA from a bacteriophage to a bacteria
,Griffith's experiment - answer-- Reported in 1928
by Fredrick Griffith, was the first experiment
suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring
genetic information through a process known as
transformation.
- Smooth strain kills mouse. Rough strain doesn't
kill mouse. Heat-killed smooth strain doesn't kill
mouse. Heat-killed smooth strain + live rough
strain kills mouse.
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty Experiment - answer-
Determined that DNA was Griffith's "Transforming
Factor."
natural competence - answer-When certain
microbes have specific proteins to facilitate intake
of external DNA.
- Examples of naturally competent bacteria:
Gram+ : streptococcus pneumoniae, bacillus subtilis
Gram- : haemophilus influenzae, neisseria
gonorrhoeae
, artificial competence - answer-Cells are made
permeable to DNA, by artificially creating favorable
conditions that would otherwise not normally occur.
density-dependent competence
- benefits?
- observed more in gram positive or negative? -
answer-- benefits: 1) successful uptake of DNA
more likely
2) uptake of non-harmful DNA more likely
- Gram positive is more common.
Streptococcus pneumoniae competence
Define:
- Pre-CSP
- ComAB
- CSP
- ComD
- ComE
- ComX
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Theta replication - answer-DNA replication in
prokaryotes, so named because as replication
proceeds around the single, circular chromosome,
it takes on the appearance of the Greek letter theta.
- can be bidirectional or unidirectional
Transformation - answer-process in which one
strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes
from another strain of bacteria
Conjugation - answer-In bacteria, the direct
transfer of DNA between two cells that are
temporarily joined.
Phage Transduction - answer-Non-consensual
transfer of DNA from a bacteriophage to a bacteria
,Griffith's experiment - answer-- Reported in 1928
by Fredrick Griffith, was the first experiment
suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring
genetic information through a process known as
transformation.
- Smooth strain kills mouse. Rough strain doesn't
kill mouse. Heat-killed smooth strain doesn't kill
mouse. Heat-killed smooth strain + live rough
strain kills mouse.
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty Experiment - answer-
Determined that DNA was Griffith's "Transforming
Factor."
natural competence - answer-When certain
microbes have specific proteins to facilitate intake
of external DNA.
- Examples of naturally competent bacteria:
Gram+ : streptococcus pneumoniae, bacillus subtilis
Gram- : haemophilus influenzae, neisseria
gonorrhoeae
, artificial competence - answer-Cells are made
permeable to DNA, by artificially creating favorable
conditions that would otherwise not normally occur.
density-dependent competence
- benefits?
- observed more in gram positive or negative? -
answer-- benefits: 1) successful uptake of DNA
more likely
2) uptake of non-harmful DNA more likely
- Gram positive is more common.
Streptococcus pneumoniae competence
Define:
- Pre-CSP
- ComAB
- CSP
- ComD
- ComE
- ComX
