GOLDSTEIN AND BROCKMOLE
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Sensations are __ events, and they are an __ process. Answer:
physical, unconscious
◉ Perception. Answer: The coginitive/psychological interpretation of a
sensation
◉ Perceptions are __ events, and they are a __ process. Answer: mental,
conscious
◉ What happens when we experience a stimulus. Answer: see, hear,
feel, taste, smell
◉ Transduction. Answer: conversion of energy from one form to
another
◉ Where is the information from a stimulus delivered?. Answer: to the
brain
◉ bottom-up processing. Answer: analysis that begins with the sensory
receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information.
, Using information in the stimulus to help identify it
◉ top-down processing. Answer: information processing guided by
higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions
drawing on our experience and expectations.
◉ bottom up: using information __ the stimulus to help identify it.
Answer: in
◉ top down: using information __ the stimulus to help identify it.
Answer: around
◉ psychophysics. Answer: the study of the relationship between stimuli
and the sensations and perceptions they evoke
◉ Who studied stimuli thresholds?. Answer: Gustav Fechner
◉ Absolute threshold. Answer: minimum amount of a stimulus
necessary to detect it
◉ Difference threshold. Answer: minimum amount of difference within
2 stimuli necessary to detect a difference between 2 stimuli