IFT 250 FINAL with
questions and well verified
answers actual exam !!!
2026
The ________ interacts with the hardware and the _________ interacts with the user -
ANSWER -operating system, Shell
A program is synonymous with a process. True or false? - ANSWER -False
Every character has a number associated with it. What is it called? - ANSWER -the ASCII
value
If you see a prompt like mailhost login:, what do you think mailhost represents? -
ANSWER -The machine name
If the system echoes Login incorrect, does it mean that your user-id is incorrect? -
ANSWER -Not necessarily, the password could be incorrect
Name the command you used in this chapter to display filenames. - ANSWER -ls
,Name the command you used in this chapter to display processes - ANSWER -ps
Name the command you used in this chapter to display users. - ANSWER -who
Who are the principal architects of the UNIX operating system? - ANSWER -Ken
Thompson and Dennis Ritchie
Why did AT&T virtually give away UNIX to the world? - ANSWER -Because it was
prevented byt the US government from selling computer software
Where did BSD UNIX originate? Name some features of UNIX that were first found in BSD UNIX
- ANSWER -From the University of California, Berkeley.
vi editor, C shell, symbolic links, and TCP/IP
Which flavor of UNIX is available for free and runs on the PC? - ANSWER -Linux
Identify the companies associated with Solaris UNIX. - ANSWER -Sun
Identify the companies associated with AIX UNIX - ANSWER -IBM
Identify the companies associated with Tru64 UNIX - ANSWER -HP (Digital)
What does X/OPEN represent? Who owns the UNIX trademark today? - ANSWER -a
standards body now merged with The Open Group which owns the UNIX trademark
Who are the two brains behind Linux? - ANSWER -Richard Stallman and Linus Torvalds
What is the distinctive characteristic about the GNU General Public License? - ANSWER -
Software developers distributing products under this license must make the source code
public.
,Why is UNIX more portable than other operating systems? - ANSWER -Because it is
written in C, a high-level language (high-level lanuage can run without major modifications
when moved to another machine.
Can you divide UNIX into two major schools? To which school does Sun's UNIX belong? -
ANSWER -Yes, System V (AT&T) and BSD (Berkeley): Sun is based on BSD but Solaris is
based on AT&T's SVR4
Why do UNIX tools perform simple jobs rather than complex ones? - ANSWER -because
complex jobs can be completed by connecting a number of these simple ones.
What is the windowing system of UNIX known as? - ANSWER -The X Window system
Name some interpretive languages available on UNIX systems. - ANSWER -The shell,
perl, tcl, and python
Name three notable Linux flavors. - ANSWER -Fedora, SuSE, Ubuntu
2.1 Enter a : and press [Enter]. Next run type :. What do you conclude? - ANSWER -The :
must be a command that does nothing. The command type : indicates that the command is
built into the shell.
2.2 UNIX commands must be in lowercase and must not have extensions. True or false? -
ANSWER -False, you can use uppercase and provide extensions to command filenames,
although convention follows the opposite
2.3 Name three UNIX commands whose names are more than five characters long. -
ANSWER -printf, script, and passwd.
2.4 Find out whether these commands are internal or external: echo, date, pwd, and ls. -
ANSWER -echo and pwd are internal commands; date and ls are external.
2.5 If two commands with the same filename exist in two directories in PATH, how can they be
executed? - ANSWER -The command that occurs first in the PATH list would require no
special treatment. The other command needs to be used with a pathname.
, 2.6 How is the current directory indicated in PATH? - ANSWER -With a dot.
2.7 How many options are there in this command? ls -lut chap01 note3 - ANSWER -
Three.
2.8 If you find yourself using options preceded by two hyphens (like --all), which flavor of UNIX
could you be using? - ANSWER -Linux.
2.9 What is the name given to the command and its options and arguments? - ANSWER -
The command line.
2.10 How do you find out the version number of your operating system? - ANSWER -
uname -r.
2.11 Why are the directories /bin and /usr/bin usually found first in PATH? - ANSWER -
Because the commonly used UNIX commands are located there.
2.12 What is whitespace? Explain the treatment the shell metes out to a command that
contains a lot of whitespace. - ANSWER -Whitespace is a contiguous set of spaces, tabs,
and newline characters. The shell compresses multiple contiguous whitespace characters into
a single space.
2.13 Do you need to wait for a command to finish before entering the next one? -
ANSWER -No, the buffer associated with the keyboard stores all input.
2.14 Why doesn't this command run in the way it is meant to? printf "Filename: %s\n", fname -
ANSWER -fname is supposedly a variable, so it should be prefixed with a $.
2.15 What is a pager? Name the two standard pagers used by man. - ANSWER -A pager is
a program that displays text on the screen a page at a time. more and less are two standard
pagers used by man.
questions and well verified
answers actual exam !!!
2026
The ________ interacts with the hardware and the _________ interacts with the user -
ANSWER -operating system, Shell
A program is synonymous with a process. True or false? - ANSWER -False
Every character has a number associated with it. What is it called? - ANSWER -the ASCII
value
If you see a prompt like mailhost login:, what do you think mailhost represents? -
ANSWER -The machine name
If the system echoes Login incorrect, does it mean that your user-id is incorrect? -
ANSWER -Not necessarily, the password could be incorrect
Name the command you used in this chapter to display filenames. - ANSWER -ls
,Name the command you used in this chapter to display processes - ANSWER -ps
Name the command you used in this chapter to display users. - ANSWER -who
Who are the principal architects of the UNIX operating system? - ANSWER -Ken
Thompson and Dennis Ritchie
Why did AT&T virtually give away UNIX to the world? - ANSWER -Because it was
prevented byt the US government from selling computer software
Where did BSD UNIX originate? Name some features of UNIX that were first found in BSD UNIX
- ANSWER -From the University of California, Berkeley.
vi editor, C shell, symbolic links, and TCP/IP
Which flavor of UNIX is available for free and runs on the PC? - ANSWER -Linux
Identify the companies associated with Solaris UNIX. - ANSWER -Sun
Identify the companies associated with AIX UNIX - ANSWER -IBM
Identify the companies associated with Tru64 UNIX - ANSWER -HP (Digital)
What does X/OPEN represent? Who owns the UNIX trademark today? - ANSWER -a
standards body now merged with The Open Group which owns the UNIX trademark
Who are the two brains behind Linux? - ANSWER -Richard Stallman and Linus Torvalds
What is the distinctive characteristic about the GNU General Public License? - ANSWER -
Software developers distributing products under this license must make the source code
public.
,Why is UNIX more portable than other operating systems? - ANSWER -Because it is
written in C, a high-level language (high-level lanuage can run without major modifications
when moved to another machine.
Can you divide UNIX into two major schools? To which school does Sun's UNIX belong? -
ANSWER -Yes, System V (AT&T) and BSD (Berkeley): Sun is based on BSD but Solaris is
based on AT&T's SVR4
Why do UNIX tools perform simple jobs rather than complex ones? - ANSWER -because
complex jobs can be completed by connecting a number of these simple ones.
What is the windowing system of UNIX known as? - ANSWER -The X Window system
Name some interpretive languages available on UNIX systems. - ANSWER -The shell,
perl, tcl, and python
Name three notable Linux flavors. - ANSWER -Fedora, SuSE, Ubuntu
2.1 Enter a : and press [Enter]. Next run type :. What do you conclude? - ANSWER -The :
must be a command that does nothing. The command type : indicates that the command is
built into the shell.
2.2 UNIX commands must be in lowercase and must not have extensions. True or false? -
ANSWER -False, you can use uppercase and provide extensions to command filenames,
although convention follows the opposite
2.3 Name three UNIX commands whose names are more than five characters long. -
ANSWER -printf, script, and passwd.
2.4 Find out whether these commands are internal or external: echo, date, pwd, and ls. -
ANSWER -echo and pwd are internal commands; date and ls are external.
2.5 If two commands with the same filename exist in two directories in PATH, how can they be
executed? - ANSWER -The command that occurs first in the PATH list would require no
special treatment. The other command needs to be used with a pathname.
, 2.6 How is the current directory indicated in PATH? - ANSWER -With a dot.
2.7 How many options are there in this command? ls -lut chap01 note3 - ANSWER -
Three.
2.8 If you find yourself using options preceded by two hyphens (like --all), which flavor of UNIX
could you be using? - ANSWER -Linux.
2.9 What is the name given to the command and its options and arguments? - ANSWER -
The command line.
2.10 How do you find out the version number of your operating system? - ANSWER -
uname -r.
2.11 Why are the directories /bin and /usr/bin usually found first in PATH? - ANSWER -
Because the commonly used UNIX commands are located there.
2.12 What is whitespace? Explain the treatment the shell metes out to a command that
contains a lot of whitespace. - ANSWER -Whitespace is a contiguous set of spaces, tabs,
and newline characters. The shell compresses multiple contiguous whitespace characters into
a single space.
2.13 Do you need to wait for a command to finish before entering the next one? -
ANSWER -No, the buffer associated with the keyboard stores all input.
2.14 Why doesn't this command run in the way it is meant to? printf "Filename: %s\n", fname -
ANSWER -fname is supposedly a variable, so it should be prefixed with a $.
2.15 What is a pager? Name the two standard pagers used by man. - ANSWER -A pager is
a program that displays text on the screen a page at a time. more and less are two standard
pagers used by man.
