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,Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic principles of stratification?
(A) It's universal, but variable. Every society has some form of stratification.
(B) Stratified systems are based on the objective merit of individuals.
(C) Stratification is a characteristic of society, not of individual differences.
(D) Stratification persists across generations. - correct ans:B
he traditional Indian caste system, the feudal system of medieval Europe, and the Jim Crow era
segregation in the US South are all examples of a(n) ____ stratification system.
(A) meritocratic
(B) open
(C) closed
(D) apartheid - correct ans:C
A structural-functional perspective on stratification, the Davis-Moore thesis argues that ____.
(A) society assigns greater economic social rewards to jobs that are most important in society
(B) stratification is based on different relations to the means of production
(C) society rewards those who work hard and punishes those who do not
(D) we use consumption to demonstrate our social location - correct ans:A
A system in which everyone has an equal chance of succeeding economically based on their hard work
and skills is called a ____.
(A) utopia
(B) meritocracy
(C) democracy
(D) socialist society - correct ans:B
, Sociologists define "ideology" as ____.
(A) a set of cultural beliefs and values that challenge the existing order
(B) a set of political values about what kind of government we should have
(C) a set of cultural beliefs and values that justify a particular way of organizing a
society
(D) a set of religious beliefs and doctrines about how we should understand our place in the world -
correct ans:C
American political scientists Martin Gilens and Benjamin Page studied the impact of political views of
those in different incomes. They found that ____.
(A) the political views of Americans near the middle of the income distribution were highly correlated
with the kind of laws passed, but the political views of Americans near the bottom of the income
distribution had almost zero influence on politics
(B) there was little difference in the political influence of wealthy, middle-income, and poor Americans;
government responds to all citizens equally
(C) government policy tends to reflect the views of wealthy and middle-income Americans
(D) the political views of the richest Americans were highly correlated with the kind of laws passed, but
the political views of Americans near the middle of the income distribution had almost zero influence on
politics - correct ans:D
What is the difference between "income" and "wealth"?
(A) Income is a person's earnings from work or investments; wealth is a household's total earnings
(B) Income is measured in money; wealth includes assets other than money
(C) Income is money earned from work or investments; wealth is the total value of money plus other
assets, like real estate, stocks, and bonds
(D) There is no difference; they're synonyms - correct ans:C