2026 TESTED QUESTIONS WITH FULL
SOLUTION GRADED A+
●● 8 wastes of Lean.
Answer: 1) transportation, 2) inventory, 3) motion (operations), 4)
waiting, 5) over processing (rework), 6) over production, 7)
defects/quality, 8) skills/people
●● Just in Time (JIT).
Answer: lean system idea is that supplies/materials are received when
needed, not before, and in the quantities needed
●● Single-minute exchange of die (SMED).
Answer: a system for reducing changeover time resulting in shorter
cycle times and being more responsive
●● Kanban.
Answer: visual production signaling system that provides status of
system at a glance
●● Poka-yoke.
,Answer: mistake-proofing methods aimed at designing fail-safe systems
that minimize human error
●● Suboptimization.
Answer: performance improvement in one part of an organization but
only at the expense of decreased performance in another part > better
system performance is more important than better individual/component
performance
●● Kaizen.
Answer: continuous improvement > improvement through small,
incremental steps
●● Kaizen Blitz.
Answer: event intended to get quicker implementation and results than
traditional kaizen
●● PDCA.
Answer: Plan, Do, Check, Act
simple, disciplined approach to help manage improvement
●● Gamba.
Answer: "the real place"
, important for people to visit where the action is to get complete
understanding of process
●● Heijunka.
Answer: "work leveling"
approach to production scheduling that levels workloads by producing
smaller batches
●● Hoshin Planning/Hoshin Kanri.
Answer: method for implementing organization's strategic plan
●● Jidoka.
Answer: "autonimation" or "intelligent automation"
have machines do what they can do better than people
●● Theory of Constraints.
Answer: developed by Goldratt, systems approach with two major ideas:
Constraint Management and Production Pacing
●● constraint.
Answer: bottleneck
can only product as much as constraint will process