REHB 330 TEST 1 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
disability studies - Answers - -interdisciplinary studies
-composed of: concepts, cultures, and personal experience
-understanding of the human experience of disability
definition of disability - Answers - -no single, universally accepted definition of disability
-multiple definitions used for purposes of entitlement to public or private income support
programs, government services, or statistical analysis
-the most frequently applied framework of disability comes from Nagi's disablement
model
*similar to international classification of functioning ICF model*
disability studies: WHY - Answers - why should we study disability
-large minority population
-strong disability culture
-social justice
-disability is everywhere
history of disability studies - Answers - -relatively new field
-began in early 1980s
*society for disability studies
-laws, accessible facilities, etc has helped increased awareness
-change in medical care have increased the longevity of persons with disabilities
demographics - Answers - -17% of the worlds population (>1 billion)
-19% Americans
*12% have severe disability
*33% are cognitive in nature (invisible)
*50% are >65% years old
-5.2% school aged children (2.8 million)
minority studies - Answers - -individuals with disabilities constitute the nation's largest
minority group seeking employment
-only group any of us can become a member of at any time
-individuals with disabilities experience common negative experiences often associated
with minority status:
*economic deprivation
*denial of communicative self representation
*denial of access to a preferred way of life
,*marginalization
*discrimination
*educational barriers
common disabilities in the US - Answers - -back/spinal injury
-intellectual disability
-mental health disabilities
-neurological impairments
-impairments of the extremities
-heart impairments
-substance abuse
-diabetes
-hearing impairments
-vision impairments
-blood disorders
back and spinal injuries - Answers - -typically associated with lifting and twisting injuries
-often causes pain, decreased sensation, muscle weakness
-damage may be permanent
COMMON IMPAIRMENTS
-bulging disc
*disk separating vertebrae can degenerate & push on the spinal cord
-spinal stenosis
*narrowing of open spaces in the spine
*can put pressure on spinal cord or peripheral nerve
-sciatica
*compression of the sciatic nerve (large nerve that controls many muscles in the lower
extremity)
mental health disability - Answers - DEPRESSION
*1 in 10 US adults
*commonly associated with chronic conditions & disabilities
*exacerbate other chronic conditions
*affect a person's ability to work & perform necessary roles in society
POPULATIONS MOST AFFECTED BY DEPRESSION
-persons 45-64 years old
-women
-blacks, hispanics, non hispanics person of other races or multiple races
-persons with less than a high school education
-those previously married
-individuals unable to work or unemployed
,-persons without health insurance coverage
POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)
*7.7 million adults
*1 in 5 veterans
*develops after a traumatic situation typically associated with physical harm or near
physical harm
*common impairment in veterans but also affects civilians
IMPAIRMENTS (PTSD)
-flashbacks/bad dreams
-avoidance of social interactions (esp. large crowds)
-feeling tense/on edge
TREAMENTS
-psychotherapy
-medications
neurological impairments - Answers - CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
*stroke
*leading cause of disability among adults in the US
*4 million people living with impairments associated with a stroke
*caused by:
-lack of blood flow (blocked artery)
-rupture of a vessel in the brain
*resulting impairments
-functional mobility (walking)
-performance of daily activities
-communication
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
*affects 350,000 people in the US
*degeneration of the myelin sheath (insulation of the nerves)
-affects the ability of nerve to carry messages to muscles
-impairs a person's ability to regulate temperature & other body functions
*unknown cause
-autoimmune disease (body's immune system attacks itself)
-genetic disorder?
-infections?
-environment?
*resulting impairments of MS
-muscle weakness
-changes in sensation ("tingling", numbness in extremities)
, -muscle spasms
-impaired coordination
types of MS - Answers - -relapsing remitting (RR)
*disease will progress, increasing amount of disability but often it will come back down
to a baseline status after a couple of weeks or month. over time, disability will get worse
but very often come down to a baseline status
-secondary progressive (SP)
*starts off with relaxing/remitting pattern (gets worse but returns to baseline). but then
after a period of time, it progresses at a more steady rate
-primary progressive (PP)
*traditional presentations; just gets worse over time, it really does not come back to the
baseline status
TREATMENT
-medication
-physical activity
cerebral palsy - Answers - *2.2-4.4 per 1,000 live births
*non progressive, congenital disability
-caused by damage to the brain during pregnancy, birth, or up to 3 years after birth
resulting impairments
-muscle weakness
-muscle spasms
-seizures
-learning disabilities
-visual impairments
JOSH BLUE
-comedian living with cerebral palsy
parkinson's disease - Answers - -1 million americans
-progressive disorders
-decrease in neurotransmitter dopamine
*sends signals to other neurons to coordinate movement
signs & symptoms
-tremors
-shuffling walking
-rigid muscles
-loss of facial expressions
ANSWERS
disability studies - Answers - -interdisciplinary studies
-composed of: concepts, cultures, and personal experience
-understanding of the human experience of disability
definition of disability - Answers - -no single, universally accepted definition of disability
-multiple definitions used for purposes of entitlement to public or private income support
programs, government services, or statistical analysis
-the most frequently applied framework of disability comes from Nagi's disablement
model
*similar to international classification of functioning ICF model*
disability studies: WHY - Answers - why should we study disability
-large minority population
-strong disability culture
-social justice
-disability is everywhere
history of disability studies - Answers - -relatively new field
-began in early 1980s
*society for disability studies
-laws, accessible facilities, etc has helped increased awareness
-change in medical care have increased the longevity of persons with disabilities
demographics - Answers - -17% of the worlds population (>1 billion)
-19% Americans
*12% have severe disability
*33% are cognitive in nature (invisible)
*50% are >65% years old
-5.2% school aged children (2.8 million)
minority studies - Answers - -individuals with disabilities constitute the nation's largest
minority group seeking employment
-only group any of us can become a member of at any time
-individuals with disabilities experience common negative experiences often associated
with minority status:
*economic deprivation
*denial of communicative self representation
*denial of access to a preferred way of life
,*marginalization
*discrimination
*educational barriers
common disabilities in the US - Answers - -back/spinal injury
-intellectual disability
-mental health disabilities
-neurological impairments
-impairments of the extremities
-heart impairments
-substance abuse
-diabetes
-hearing impairments
-vision impairments
-blood disorders
back and spinal injuries - Answers - -typically associated with lifting and twisting injuries
-often causes pain, decreased sensation, muscle weakness
-damage may be permanent
COMMON IMPAIRMENTS
-bulging disc
*disk separating vertebrae can degenerate & push on the spinal cord
-spinal stenosis
*narrowing of open spaces in the spine
*can put pressure on spinal cord or peripheral nerve
-sciatica
*compression of the sciatic nerve (large nerve that controls many muscles in the lower
extremity)
mental health disability - Answers - DEPRESSION
*1 in 10 US adults
*commonly associated with chronic conditions & disabilities
*exacerbate other chronic conditions
*affect a person's ability to work & perform necessary roles in society
POPULATIONS MOST AFFECTED BY DEPRESSION
-persons 45-64 years old
-women
-blacks, hispanics, non hispanics person of other races or multiple races
-persons with less than a high school education
-those previously married
-individuals unable to work or unemployed
,-persons without health insurance coverage
POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)
*7.7 million adults
*1 in 5 veterans
*develops after a traumatic situation typically associated with physical harm or near
physical harm
*common impairment in veterans but also affects civilians
IMPAIRMENTS (PTSD)
-flashbacks/bad dreams
-avoidance of social interactions (esp. large crowds)
-feeling tense/on edge
TREAMENTS
-psychotherapy
-medications
neurological impairments - Answers - CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
*stroke
*leading cause of disability among adults in the US
*4 million people living with impairments associated with a stroke
*caused by:
-lack of blood flow (blocked artery)
-rupture of a vessel in the brain
*resulting impairments
-functional mobility (walking)
-performance of daily activities
-communication
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
*affects 350,000 people in the US
*degeneration of the myelin sheath (insulation of the nerves)
-affects the ability of nerve to carry messages to muscles
-impairs a person's ability to regulate temperature & other body functions
*unknown cause
-autoimmune disease (body's immune system attacks itself)
-genetic disorder?
-infections?
-environment?
*resulting impairments of MS
-muscle weakness
-changes in sensation ("tingling", numbness in extremities)
, -muscle spasms
-impaired coordination
types of MS - Answers - -relapsing remitting (RR)
*disease will progress, increasing amount of disability but often it will come back down
to a baseline status after a couple of weeks or month. over time, disability will get worse
but very often come down to a baseline status
-secondary progressive (SP)
*starts off with relaxing/remitting pattern (gets worse but returns to baseline). but then
after a period of time, it progresses at a more steady rate
-primary progressive (PP)
*traditional presentations; just gets worse over time, it really does not come back to the
baseline status
TREATMENT
-medication
-physical activity
cerebral palsy - Answers - *2.2-4.4 per 1,000 live births
*non progressive, congenital disability
-caused by damage to the brain during pregnancy, birth, or up to 3 years after birth
resulting impairments
-muscle weakness
-muscle spasms
-seizures
-learning disabilities
-visual impairments
JOSH BLUE
-comedian living with cerebral palsy
parkinson's disease - Answers - -1 million americans
-progressive disorders
-decrease in neurotransmitter dopamine
*sends signals to other neurons to coordinate movement
signs & symptoms
-tremors
-shuffling walking
-rigid muscles
-loss of facial expressions
