EPALS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eofba1
1. Paediatric airway - airway proportionately narrower
differences - head larger so flexes on the neck and can cause partial obstruction
- small mouth but large tongue
- preferential nasal breather up to 6 months
- higher larynx (creates sharp angle)
2. Paediatric - small resting lung volume so low o2 reserve
breathing - relies on diaphragm more than muscles
differences
3. Paediatric circu- Circulating vol newborn = 80 ml/ kg
lation differences Decreases to around 60-70ml/kg in adulthood
MAP more accurate than systolic BP
4. Strider upper airway narrowing or obstruction, loud-high pitched breath sound
5. Wheezing A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration, and
which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways; occurs in asthma
and bronchiolitis.
6. grunting An "uh" sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child's attempt to keep the
alveoli open; a sign of increased work of breathing.
7. 5 categories of - Hypovolemic
shock - Cardiogenic
- Distributive
- Obstructive
- Dissociative
8. distributive Inadequate distribution of blood, flow insufficient for the demand of the tissues.
shock Eg - anaphylaxis, sepsis
9.
, EPALS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eofba1
Obstructive Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels,
shock causing an insufficient blood supply to the body's tissues. Eg cardiac tamponade,
tension pneumothorax
10. Dissociative Something that does not allow O2 to reach the cells. Eg: CO posioning and anaemia
shock
11. Cardiac output heart rate x stroke volume
12. Central pulse Carotid, femoral and brachial
points
COMPARE THESE WITH PERIPHERAL (RADIAL)
13. How much fluid 40%
can be lost be-
fore hypotension
occurs
14. Inadequate renal < 2ml/kg/hr in infants
perfusion < 1ml/kg/hr in children older than 1
15. Max flow rate for 4L/min
nasal cannula
16. When to use a If BMV unsuccessful and is an alternative to intubation
supraglottic air-
way device Only to be used if child unconscious
17. When to ventilate Apnea: patient lacks power/muscle to breathe at all
Hypoventilation: patient moving inadequate volume, CO2 retention
Impending ventilatory failure: working so hard that hypoventilation/apnea is in-
evitable
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eofba1
1. Paediatric airway - airway proportionately narrower
differences - head larger so flexes on the neck and can cause partial obstruction
- small mouth but large tongue
- preferential nasal breather up to 6 months
- higher larynx (creates sharp angle)
2. Paediatric - small resting lung volume so low o2 reserve
breathing - relies on diaphragm more than muscles
differences
3. Paediatric circu- Circulating vol newborn = 80 ml/ kg
lation differences Decreases to around 60-70ml/kg in adulthood
MAP more accurate than systolic BP
4. Strider upper airway narrowing or obstruction, loud-high pitched breath sound
5. Wheezing A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration, and
which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways; occurs in asthma
and bronchiolitis.
6. grunting An "uh" sound heard during exhalation; reflects the child's attempt to keep the
alveoli open; a sign of increased work of breathing.
7. 5 categories of - Hypovolemic
shock - Cardiogenic
- Distributive
- Obstructive
- Dissociative
8. distributive Inadequate distribution of blood, flow insufficient for the demand of the tissues.
shock Eg - anaphylaxis, sepsis
9.
, EPALS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eofba1
Obstructive Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels,
shock causing an insufficient blood supply to the body's tissues. Eg cardiac tamponade,
tension pneumothorax
10. Dissociative Something that does not allow O2 to reach the cells. Eg: CO posioning and anaemia
shock
11. Cardiac output heart rate x stroke volume
12. Central pulse Carotid, femoral and brachial
points
COMPARE THESE WITH PERIPHERAL (RADIAL)
13. How much fluid 40%
can be lost be-
fore hypotension
occurs
14. Inadequate renal < 2ml/kg/hr in infants
perfusion < 1ml/kg/hr in children older than 1
15. Max flow rate for 4L/min
nasal cannula
16. When to use a If BMV unsuccessful and is an alternative to intubation
supraglottic air-
way device Only to be used if child unconscious
17. When to ventilate Apnea: patient lacks power/muscle to breathe at all
Hypoventilation: patient moving inadequate volume, CO2 retention
Impending ventilatory failure: working so hard that hypoventilation/apnea is in-
evitable
