BIOS 251 Midterm Exam 3 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides, forming
proteins.
2. Which macromolecule forms the plant cell wall?
A. Cellulose
B. Starch
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural rigidity to plant cell walls.
,3. Which organelle produces ATP through cellular respiration?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP, the energy
currency of the cell.
4. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Nucleic acid
C. Lipid
D. Carbohydrate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA stores hereditary information; RNA carries the
information for protein synthesis.
5. Which phase of mitosis aligns chromosomes at the cell equator?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
,Correct answer: B
Rationale: Metaphase ensures proper attachment of chromosomes
to spindle fibers for accurate segregation.
6. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes metabolize reactive oxygen species and
detoxify harmful compounds.
7. Which macromolecule stores long-term energy in animals?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue and provide
long-term energy.
8. Which organelle packages and sorts proteins for transport?
, A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins into vesicles.
9. Which RNA type brings amino acids to the ribosome?
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. snRNA
Correct answer: B
Rationale: tRNA matches amino acids with codons on mRNA
during translation.
10. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Lysosome
B. Ribosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides, forming
proteins.
2. Which macromolecule forms the plant cell wall?
A. Cellulose
B. Starch
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural rigidity to plant cell walls.
,3. Which organelle produces ATP through cellular respiration?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP, the energy
currency of the cell.
4. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Nucleic acid
C. Lipid
D. Carbohydrate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA stores hereditary information; RNA carries the
information for protein synthesis.
5. Which phase of mitosis aligns chromosomes at the cell equator?
A. Prophase
B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
,Correct answer: B
Rationale: Metaphase ensures proper attachment of chromosomes
to spindle fibers for accurate segregation.
6. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes metabolize reactive oxygen species and
detoxify harmful compounds.
7. Which macromolecule stores long-term energy in animals?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Triglycerides are stored in adipose tissue and provide
long-term energy.
8. Which organelle packages and sorts proteins for transport?
, A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins into vesicles.
9. Which RNA type brings amino acids to the ribosome?
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. snRNA
Correct answer: B
Rationale: tRNA matches amino acids with codons on mRNA
during translation.
10. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
