BIOS 251 Midterm Exam final(Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is the main site of ATP production in cells?
A. Lysosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP via oxidative
phosphorylation, supplying energy for cellular activities.
2. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Nucleic acid
D. Carbohydrate
,Correct answer: C
Rationale: DNA and RNA encode hereditary information and guide
protein synthesis.
3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and
preparing proteins for transport.
4. Which macromolecule serves as long-term energy storage in
animals?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Triglycerides store energy efficiently and provide
insulation.
5. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
,A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, which are
essential for cell function.
6. Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls?
A. Cellulose
B. Starch
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural support and rigidity to plant
cells.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
, Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes neutralize reactive oxygen species and
metabolize fatty acids.
8. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication
occur?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA replication takes place during the S phase to
prepare for cell division.
9. Proteins are composed of which monomers?
A. Amino acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Nucleotides
D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form
proteins.
10. Which organelle stores calcium ions for signaling?
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is the main site of ATP production in cells?
A. Lysosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Mitochondria produce ATP via oxidative
phosphorylation, supplying energy for cellular activities.
2. Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Nucleic acid
D. Carbohydrate
,Correct answer: C
Rationale: DNA and RNA encode hereditary information and guide
protein synthesis.
3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and
preparing proteins for transport.
4. Which macromolecule serves as long-term energy storage in
animals?
A. Lipid
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Nucleic acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Triglycerides store energy efficiently and provide
insulation.
5. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
,A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins, which are
essential for cell function.
6. Which carbohydrate forms plant cell walls?
A. Cellulose
B. Starch
C. Glycogen
D. Chitin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Cellulose provides structural support and rigidity to plant
cells.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
, Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes neutralize reactive oxygen species and
metabolize fatty acids.
8. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication
occur?
A. G1
B. S
C. G2
D. M
Correct answer: B
Rationale: DNA replication takes place during the S phase to
prepare for cell division.
9. Proteins are composed of which monomers?
A. Amino acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Nucleotides
D. Fatty acids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form
proteins.
10. Which organelle stores calcium ions for signaling?
