BIOS 251 Week 4 Quiz Exam 2 (Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production
in eukaryotic cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation, powering cellular activities.
2. Which macromolecule is the main structural component of the
plasma membrane?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
,D. Nucleic acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Phospholipids form the lipid bilayer, creating the barrier
and matrix for membrane proteins.
3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondrion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Golgi apparatus receives proteins from the ER, modifies
them, and directs them to their final destinations.
4. Which organelle is the site of translation in cells?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondrion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides, producing
proteins.
,5. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER is involved in lipid biosynthesis and
detoxification of chemicals and drugs.
6. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular
digestion?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Peroxisome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes break down macromolecules, old organelles,
and pathogens.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide in cells?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Ribosome
, D. Mitochondrion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes contain catalase, which converts H₂O₂ into
water and oxygen.
8. Which organelle is responsible for protein folding and quality
control?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Rough ER assists in proper folding of proteins and
ensures only correctly folded proteins are transported.
9. Which organelle stores genetic material as chromatin?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nuclear chromatin consists of DNA and associated
proteins, storing hereditary information.
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production
in eukaryotic cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Mitochondria generate ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation, powering cellular activities.
2. Which macromolecule is the main structural component of the
plasma membrane?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
,D. Nucleic acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Phospholipids form the lipid bilayer, creating the barrier
and matrix for membrane proteins.
3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for
secretion?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondrion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Golgi apparatus receives proteins from the ER, modifies
them, and directs them to their final destinations.
4. Which organelle is the site of translation in cells?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Lysosome
D. Mitochondrion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes translate mRNA into polypeptides, producing
proteins.
,5. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER is involved in lipid biosynthesis and
detoxification of chemicals and drugs.
6. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular
digestion?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Peroxisome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes break down macromolecules, old organelles,
and pathogens.
7. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide in cells?
A. Lysosome
B. Peroxisome
C. Ribosome
, D. Mitochondrion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peroxisomes contain catalase, which converts H₂O₂ into
water and oxygen.
8. Which organelle is responsible for protein folding and quality
control?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Rough ER assists in proper folding of proteins and
ensures only correctly folded proteins are transported.
9. Which organelle stores genetic material as chromatin?
A. Nucleus
B. Ribosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Lysosome
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nuclear chromatin consists of DNA and associated
proteins, storing hereditary information.
