BIOS 251 Week 7 Quiz Exam 1 (Latest
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Nephron
B. Glomerulus
C. Bowman's capsule
D. Loop of Henle
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit
of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine.
2. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for water
reabsorption?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
,Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Loop of Henle establishes a concentration gradient
that allows water reabsorption.
3. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct answer: A
Rationale: ADH increases the permeability of collecting ducts to
water, reducing urine volume.
4. Which hormone promotes sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubules?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, which
indirectly increases water retention.
5. What structure surrounds the glomerulus?
,A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Bowman’s capsule encases the glomerulus and collects
filtrate from blood.
6. What is the main force driving filtration in the glomerulus?
A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Osmotic pressure
C. ADH
D. Aldosterone
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries pushes
plasma into Bowman’s capsule.
7. Which part of the nephron reabsorbs most glucose?
A. Distal tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
, Correct answer: B
Rationale: The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs glucose,
amino acids, and most electrolytes.
8. What is the main nitrogenous waste in humans?
A. Urea
B. Ammonia
C. Creatinine
D. Uric acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Urea is produced from protein metabolism and excreted
in urine.
9. Which process occurs at the glomerulus?
A. Filtration
B. Reabsorption
C. Secretion
D. Excretion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Filtration occurs when blood plasma is pushed into
Bowman’s capsule.
10. What is the main effect of ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide)?
Update ) Anatomy and
Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Nephron
B. Glomerulus
C. Bowman's capsule
D. Loop of Henle
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit
of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine.
2. Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for water
reabsorption?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
,Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Loop of Henle establishes a concentration gradient
that allows water reabsorption.
3. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct answer: A
Rationale: ADH increases the permeability of collecting ducts to
water, reducing urine volume.
4. Which hormone promotes sodium reabsorption in the distal
tubules?
A. ADH
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, which
indirectly increases water retention.
5. What structure surrounds the glomerulus?
,A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Bowman’s capsule encases the glomerulus and collects
filtrate from blood.
6. What is the main force driving filtration in the glomerulus?
A. Hydrostatic pressure
B. Osmotic pressure
C. ADH
D. Aldosterone
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries pushes
plasma into Bowman’s capsule.
7. Which part of the nephron reabsorbs most glucose?
A. Distal tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
, Correct answer: B
Rationale: The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs glucose,
amino acids, and most electrolytes.
8. What is the main nitrogenous waste in humans?
A. Urea
B. Ammonia
C. Creatinine
D. Uric acid
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Urea is produced from protein metabolism and excreted
in urine.
9. Which process occurs at the glomerulus?
A. Filtration
B. Reabsorption
C. Secretion
D. Excretion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Filtration occurs when blood plasma is pushed into
Bowman’s capsule.
10. What is the main effect of ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide)?
