BIOS 252 Anatomy & Physiology II Exam
4 (Latest Update ) Anatomy
and Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. Which part of the nephron filters blood to form filtrate?
A. Glomerulus
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: A. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus allows plasma and small solutes to pass
while retaining blood cells.
2. Which structure collects filtrate from the glomerulus?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Bowman's capsule
,Rationale: Surrounds the glomerulus and channels filtrate into the
nephron.
3. Which part of nephron reabsorbs most nutrients, ions, and
water?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Proximal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Major site of nutrient and ion reabsorption.
4. Which part of nephron creates concentration gradient in
medulla?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal tubule
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Loop of Henle
Rationale: Countercurrent mechanism establishes osmotic gradient.
5. Which nephron segment adjusts sodium and potassium levels?
A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
,D. Bowman's capsule
Correct Answer: A. Distal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Regulated by aldosterone to control ion balance.
6. Which nephron segment concentrates urine under ADH
influence?
A. Collecting duct
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: A. Collecting duct
Rationale: Permeability to water increases in presence of ADH.
7. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in collecting
ducts?
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. Atrial natriuretic peptide
Correct Answer: A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: Promotes insertion of aquaporins into collecting duct
membranes.
8. Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in distal
tubule?
, A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: A. Aldosterone
Rationale: Secreted by adrenal cortex; enhances sodium and water
retention.
9. Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?
A. Renin
B. ACE
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A. Renin
Rationale: Secreted by kidney in response to low blood pressure.
10. Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
B. Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Rationale: Produces angiotensin II, which raises blood pressure.
11. Which hormone lowers blood pressure by increasing sodium
excretion?
4 (Latest Update ) Anatomy
and Physiology IV with Lab | Questions &
Answers | 100% Correct | Grade A -
Chamberlain
1. Which part of the nephron filters blood to form filtrate?
A. Glomerulus
B. Proximal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal convoluted tubule
Correct Answer: A. Glomerulus
Rationale: The glomerulus allows plasma and small solutes to pass
while retaining blood cells.
2. Which structure collects filtrate from the glomerulus?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Bowman's capsule
,Rationale: Surrounds the glomerulus and channels filtrate into the
nephron.
3. Which part of nephron reabsorbs most nutrients, ions, and
water?
A. Proximal convoluted tubule
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Proximal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Major site of nutrient and ion reabsorption.
4. Which part of nephron creates concentration gradient in
medulla?
A. Loop of Henle
B. Proximal tubule
C. Distal tubule
D. Collecting duct
Correct Answer: A. Loop of Henle
Rationale: Countercurrent mechanism establishes osmotic gradient.
5. Which nephron segment adjusts sodium and potassium levels?
A. Distal convoluted tubule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
,D. Bowman's capsule
Correct Answer: A. Distal convoluted tubule
Rationale: Regulated by aldosterone to control ion balance.
6. Which nephron segment concentrates urine under ADH
influence?
A. Collecting duct
B. Proximal tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Distal tubule
Correct Answer: A. Collecting duct
Rationale: Permeability to water increases in presence of ADH.
7. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in collecting
ducts?
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B. Aldosterone
C. Renin
D. Atrial natriuretic peptide
Correct Answer: A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: Promotes insertion of aquaporins into collecting duct
membranes.
8. Which hormone increases sodium reabsorption in distal
tubule?
, A. Aldosterone
B. ADH
C. Renin
D. ANP
Correct Answer: A. Aldosterone
Rationale: Secreted by adrenal cortex; enhances sodium and water
retention.
9. Which enzyme converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I?
A. Renin
B. ACE
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A. Renin
Rationale: Secreted by kidney in response to low blood pressure.
10. Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?
A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
B. Renin
C. Aldosterone
D. ADH
Correct Answer: A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)
Rationale: Produces angiotensin II, which raises blood pressure.
11. Which hormone lowers blood pressure by increasing sodium
excretion?
