BIOS 252 Final Exam 2 (Latest Update
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which macromolecule serves as the main structural component
of cell membranes?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phospholipids and cholesterol are key components of cell
membranes.
2. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Ribosome
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
,Rationale: Ribosomes synthesize proteins either freely in the
cytoplasm or on the rough ER.
3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins from the rough ER are processed in the Golgi
for secretion or transport.
4. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smooth ER produces lipids and metabolizes toxins,
including drugs.
5. Which organelle produces ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
,C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP via the electron
transport chain.
6. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for digestion?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes degrade macromolecules and recycle cellular
components.
7. Which organelle stores calcium for muscle contraction?
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. Nucleus
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
triggers contraction in muscle cells.
8. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
, A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes use catalase to convert hydrogen peroxide
into water and oxygen.
9. Which organelle synthesizes proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes on rough ER produce proteins that are
secreted from the cell.
10. Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits?
A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: rRNA synthesis and assembly of ribosomal subunits
occurs in the nucleolus.
) Anatomy and Physiology IV
with Lab | Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - Chamberlain
1. Which macromolecule serves as the main structural component
of cell membranes?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phospholipids and cholesterol are key components of cell
membranes.
2. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Ribosome
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
,Rationale: Ribosomes synthesize proteins either freely in the
cytoplasm or on the rough ER.
3. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Rough ER
C. Smooth ER
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Proteins from the rough ER are processed in the Golgi
for secretion or transport.
4. Which organelle synthesizes lipids and detoxifies drugs?
A. Smooth ER
B. Rough ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Lysosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smooth ER produces lipids and metabolizes toxins,
including drugs.
5. Which organelle produces ATP through oxidative
phosphorylation?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
,C. Golgi apparatus
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP via the electron
transport chain.
6. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for digestion?
A. Lysosome
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Ribosome
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lysosomes degrade macromolecules and recycle cellular
components.
7. Which organelle stores calcium for muscle contraction?
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. Nucleus
C. Smooth ER
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
triggers contraction in muscle cells.
8. Which organelle detoxifies hydrogen peroxide?
, A. Peroxisome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondria
D. Smooth ER
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peroxisomes use catalase to convert hydrogen peroxide
into water and oxygen.
9. Which organelle synthesizes proteins for secretion?
A. Rough ER
B. Smooth ER
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes on rough ER produce proteins that are
secreted from the cell.
10. Which organelle assembles ribosomal subunits?
A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: rRNA synthesis and assembly of ribosomal subunits
occurs in the nucleolus.
