QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ Type 1 Error. Answer: -False positive
-Incorrectly rejecting the true null hypothesis (occurs if the null
hypothesis is rejected when it is true)
-Rejection of the null hypothesis when it is actually true.
⩥ Type 2 Error. Answer: -False negative
-Failing to reject a null hypothesis which is false (occurs if the null
hypothesis is not rejected when it is false)
⩥ National mandate to prevent VAP? Answer: Elevate the HOB
⩥ Credentials. Answer: 1. Encompass required education, licensure and
certification
2. Establish minimal levels of acceptable performance
3. Necessary to: ensure the safe healthcare is provided by qualified
individuals and comply with federal and state laws relating to advanced
practice nursing
4. Scope of practice
5. Mandates accountability
6. Enforces professional standards of practice
,⩥ What is credentialing or priviliging? Answer: -Process by which a NP
is granted permission to practice in an inpatient setting
-Credentialing with hospital privileges is granted by a Hospital
Credentialing Committee comprised of MDs who hold privileges at the
given hospital where the NP has made request
-Privileges may be granted in part or full; stipulations regarding the
allowance of future privileges may be made by the Credentialing
Committee
⩥ Licensure Answer: -Establishes that a person is qualified to perform in
a particular profession.
-Granted as defined by rules and regulations set forth by a governmental
regulatory body
⩥ Who gives licensure? Answer: State board of nursing
⩥ What is sensitivity? Answer: -True positives
-The degree to which those who have a disease screen/test positive
⩥ What is specificity? Answer: -True negatives
-The degree to which those who do not have a disease screen/test
negative
,⩥ What is null hypothesis?
What if the null hypothesis is rejected? Answer: -There is no significant
relation between the variables of the study
-Results are due to chance and are not significant in terms of supporting
the idea being investigated. Thus, the null hypothesis assumes that
whatever you are trying to prove did not happen
-It means the results of the study are not due to chance
⩥ What is p-value? Answer: -Number describing how likely it is that
your data would have occurred by random chance (i.e. that the null
hypothesis is true).
-0.05 as the standard level of significance
-The smaller the p-value, the stronger the evidence that you should reject
the null hypothesis
⩥ if P<0.05 it? Answer: -Rejects null hypothesis
-Statistically significant
-A significant result and this would have only arose 5/100 times through
chance
-Experimental and control groups are considered to be significantly
different
⩥ if p>0.05? Answer: -Fail to reject the null hypothesis
, -Not statistically significant and indicates strong evidence for the null
hypothesis
⩥ What is treatment for VAP? Answer: Cover MRSA+ Double
antipseudomonal coverage
-Abs with MRSA activity = vanc or linezolid
-Gram neg with antipseudomonal coverage: beta lactam-based agents =
Zosyn or cefepime/ceftazidine or imipenem/meropenem or aztreonam
-Gram neg with antipseudomonal coverage: non-beta lactam-based
agents = levofloxacin/cipro or amikacin/gentamicin/tobramycin or
colistin/polymyxin B
⩥ Right flank pain radiating to the back could indicate? Answer:
Pancreatitis
⩥ What is treatment for cardiac tamponade? Answer: Pericardiocentesis
to remove the blood and fluid from around the heart
⩥ Scope of Practice NP Answer: -Based on legal allowances in each
state
-According to and delineated by individual State Nurse Practice Acts
-Provides guidelines for nursing practice; varies from state to state
⩥ Vaccines after splenectomy most important?