Grand Canyon University
Course Number: BIO 319
Course Title: Applied Nutrition
Exam: Final Exam
Date:2026
A 68-year-old patient with chronic kidney disease presents with hyperkalemia. Which dietary
modification is most appropriate?
A. Increase banana intake
B. Restrict potassium-rich foods
C. Increase protein intake
D. Increase sodium intake
Answer: B
Rationale: CKD patients have impaired potassium excretion; restriction prevents arrhythmias.
---
A patient receiving enteral nutrition develops diarrhea. What is the most likely cause?
A. High fiber formula
B. Rapid infusion rate
C. Low osmolarity formula
1
,D. Low fat content
Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid feeding can overwhelm absorption leading to diarrhea.
---
True/False: Carbohydrates provide 9 kcal per gram.
Answer: False
Rationale: Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal/g; fats provide 9 kcal/g.
---
Fill in the blank: The primary storage form of glucose in the liver is __________.
Answer: Glycogen
Rationale: Glycogen stores glucose for energy regulation.
---
A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is advised to increase iron absorption. Which dietary choice
is best?
A. Spinach with tea
B. Red meat with vitamin C-rich foods
C. Milk with iron supplements
2
, D. High-fiber cereal only
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption; tea and calcium inhibit it.
---
A patient with severe burns requires increased caloric intake. Why?
A. Reduced metabolism
B. Hypermetabolic state
C. Decreased protein breakdown
D. Lower energy expenditure
Answer: B
Rationale: Burns increase metabolic demand for healing.
---
True/False: Albumin is a short-term indicator of nutritional status.
Answer: False
Rationale: Albumin reflects long-term nutritional status.
---
3
Course Number: BIO 319
Course Title: Applied Nutrition
Exam: Final Exam
Date:2026
A 68-year-old patient with chronic kidney disease presents with hyperkalemia. Which dietary
modification is most appropriate?
A. Increase banana intake
B. Restrict potassium-rich foods
C. Increase protein intake
D. Increase sodium intake
Answer: B
Rationale: CKD patients have impaired potassium excretion; restriction prevents arrhythmias.
---
A patient receiving enteral nutrition develops diarrhea. What is the most likely cause?
A. High fiber formula
B. Rapid infusion rate
C. Low osmolarity formula
1
,D. Low fat content
Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid feeding can overwhelm absorption leading to diarrhea.
---
True/False: Carbohydrates provide 9 kcal per gram.
Answer: False
Rationale: Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal/g; fats provide 9 kcal/g.
---
Fill in the blank: The primary storage form of glucose in the liver is __________.
Answer: Glycogen
Rationale: Glycogen stores glucose for energy regulation.
---
A patient with iron-deficiency anemia is advised to increase iron absorption. Which dietary choice
is best?
A. Spinach with tea
B. Red meat with vitamin C-rich foods
C. Milk with iron supplements
2
, D. High-fiber cereal only
Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin C enhances iron absorption; tea and calcium inhibit it.
---
A patient with severe burns requires increased caloric intake. Why?
A. Reduced metabolism
B. Hypermetabolic state
C. Decreased protein breakdown
D. Lower energy expenditure
Answer: B
Rationale: Burns increase metabolic demand for healing.
---
True/False: Albumin is a short-term indicator of nutritional status.
Answer: False
Rationale: Albumin reflects long-term nutritional status.
---
3
