2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥ ideology. Answer: a system of concepts and relationships; an
underlying explanation of phenomena in society; a framework of causes
and effects.
⩥ hegemony. Answer: a condition by which a dominant group uses its
power to elicit the voluntary 'consent' of the masses.
⩥ cultural relativism. Answer: taking into account the differences across
cultures without passing judgment or assigning value.
⩥ cultural scripts. Answer: modes of behavior and understanding that
are not universal or natural.
⩥ subculture. Answer: the distinct cultural values and behavioral
patterns of a particular group in society; a group united by sets of
concepts, values, symbols, and shared meanings specific to the members
of that group and distinctive enough to distinguish it from others within
the same culture or society.
, ⩥ counterculture. Answer: a large cultural group defined in opposition to
the ideologies, values, and norms of the mainstream culture.
⩥ culture war. Answer: a conflict between distinct cultures within a
given society.
⩥ socialization. Answer: the process by which individuals internalize the
values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as
members of that society.
⩥ reflection theory. Answer: the idea that culture is a projection of social
structures and relationships into the public sphere, a screen onto which
the film of the underlying reality of social structures of a society is
projected.
⩥ media. Answer: any formats, platforms, or vehicles that carry, present,
or communicate information.
⩥ social media. Answer: technologies that allow users to produce, share,
and consume media in a variety of formats.
⩥ consumerism. Answer: the steady acquisition of material possessions,
often with the belief that happiness and fulfillment can thus be achieved.
⩥ culture jamming. Answer: the act of turning media against themselves.