COSC 275 FINAL EXAM PALMER
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Estimating - ANS The process of determining the anticipated cost of materials, labor, and
equipment of a proposed project.
Take-off - ANS The process in which detailed lists are compiled, based on drawings and
specifications, of all the material and equipment necessary to construct a project. The cost
estimator uses this list to calculate how much it will cost to build the project.
Quantities - ANS Measured amounts of construction items expressed in their customary
units.
Quantification - ANS In estimating an activity to translate project scope information into
resource quantities suitable for
Quantity survey - ANS A detailed analysis of material and equipment required to construct a
project.
Area - ANS A measurement of a given planar region or of the surface of a solid.
Area method - ANS A construction cost estimating system employing unit square foot costs
multiplied by the adjusted gross floor area of a building.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 12
, Length - ANS The longest dimension of an object.
Linear measurement - ANS A unit or system of units for measuring length: 12" =
1', 3' = 1 yard, 1 yard = 0.9144 meters, 1 mile = 5,280 feet.
Dimension - ANS A distance between two points, lines, or planes.
Specifications - ANS Documents that define the qualitative requirements for products,
materials, and workmanship upon which the contract for construction is based.
Drawings - ANS Graphic illustrations depicting the dimensions, design, and location of a
project. Generally including plans, elevations, details, diagrams, schedules, and sections.
Addendum - ANS A document describing an addition, change, correction, or modification to
contract documents. An addendum is issued by the design professional during the bidding
period or prior to the award of contract, and is the primary method of informing bidders of
modifications to the work during the bidding process. Addenda become part of the contract
documents.
Amendment - ANS A modification of the contract by a subsequent agreement. This does not
change the entire existing contract but does alter the terms of the affected provisions or
requirements.
Grade - ANS The surface or level of the ground.
Level - ANS A term used to describe any horizontal surface that has all points at the same
elevation and thus does not tilt or slope.
Site - ANS The location of a project geographically, usually defined by legal boundaries.
Elevation - ANS A vertical distance relative to a reference point.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 12
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
VERIFIED.
Estimating - ANS The process of determining the anticipated cost of materials, labor, and
equipment of a proposed project.
Take-off - ANS The process in which detailed lists are compiled, based on drawings and
specifications, of all the material and equipment necessary to construct a project. The cost
estimator uses this list to calculate how much it will cost to build the project.
Quantities - ANS Measured amounts of construction items expressed in their customary
units.
Quantification - ANS In estimating an activity to translate project scope information into
resource quantities suitable for
Quantity survey - ANS A detailed analysis of material and equipment required to construct a
project.
Area - ANS A measurement of a given planar region or of the surface of a solid.
Area method - ANS A construction cost estimating system employing unit square foot costs
multiplied by the adjusted gross floor area of a building.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 12
, Length - ANS The longest dimension of an object.
Linear measurement - ANS A unit or system of units for measuring length: 12" =
1', 3' = 1 yard, 1 yard = 0.9144 meters, 1 mile = 5,280 feet.
Dimension - ANS A distance between two points, lines, or planes.
Specifications - ANS Documents that define the qualitative requirements for products,
materials, and workmanship upon which the contract for construction is based.
Drawings - ANS Graphic illustrations depicting the dimensions, design, and location of a
project. Generally including plans, elevations, details, diagrams, schedules, and sections.
Addendum - ANS A document describing an addition, change, correction, or modification to
contract documents. An addendum is issued by the design professional during the bidding
period or prior to the award of contract, and is the primary method of informing bidders of
modifications to the work during the bidding process. Addenda become part of the contract
documents.
Amendment - ANS A modification of the contract by a subsequent agreement. This does not
change the entire existing contract but does alter the terms of the affected provisions or
requirements.
Grade - ANS The surface or level of the ground.
Level - ANS A term used to describe any horizontal surface that has all points at the same
elevation and thus does not tilt or slope.
Site - ANS The location of a project geographically, usually defined by legal boundaries.
Elevation - ANS A vertical distance relative to a reference point.
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 12
