NSG 502 – Exam 1, Advanced Pathophysiology Nursing Course, Study Guide and Foundational Concepts Review

NSG 502 – Exam 1, Advanced Pathophysiology Nursing Course, Study Guide and Foundational
Concepts Review



Altered Perfusion: - ANS ✔✔Hypertension



I. Key Concepts Review A. What is blood pressure? (figure 32-1) - ANS ✔✔Blood pressure
Cardiac output x Systemic vascular resistance



Cardiac output - ANS ✔✔Heart rate * Stroke Volume



Cardiac - ANS ✔✔• Heart rate • Contractility • Conductivity



Renal fluid volume control - ANS ✔✔• Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system • Natriuretic
peptides



Systemic vascular resistance - ANS ✔✔Sympathetic nervous system & Neurohormonal & Local
regulation



Sympathetic nervous system - ANS ✔✔•a- and a-Adrenergic receptors (vasoconstriction) • A-
Adrenergic receptors (vasodilation)



Neurohormonal - ANS ✔✔Vasoconstrictors • Angiotensin • Norepinephrine



Local regulation - ANS ✔✔Vasodilators • Prostaglandins • Nitric oxide Vasoconstrictors •
Endothelin



Hypertension II.Manifestations A. Assessment findings: - ANS ✔✔1. Prevalence: 46% of adults in
the US have HTN and accounts for almost 24% of all deaths. Of those with hypertension, 48%
are not well managed