NSG 3500 EXAM 4_107 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2026
At 1 and 5 minutes after birth - CORRECT ANSWER When is the APGAR score
assigned?
1. HR
2. RR
3. muscle tone
4. reflex irritability (cry)
5. generalized skin color (coloring) - CORRECT ANSWER What are the five
categories of the APGAR score?
True - CORRECT ANSWER When the APGAR score is <9 at 5 minutes, it is more
important to stabilize the infant than keep them with mom. T/F?
>7 = normal
4-6 = low
<3 = critical - CORRECT ANSWER What does each APGAR score mean?
Chemical factors: hypercarbia, acidosis, and hypoxia
Sensory factors: overwhelming stimuli aids in transition
Thermal factors: drastic change in temp aids in transition
Mechanical factors: thoracic squeeze through birth causes fluid release and
replacement with air - CORRECT ANSWER What are the 4 factors that influence
initiation of the first breath?
,- hypoxia causes blood oxygen (PO2) levels to rise and pH to drop
- carbon dioxide levels (PCO2) begin to rise and prompt the resp center within the
medulla to initiate breathing - CORRECT ANSWER Why does hypoxia, hypercarbia,
and acidosis trigger respirations?
5-15 seconds (approx. 3 seconds is norm? P. 298) - CORRECT ANSWER Periodic
breathing in a newborn is not usually associated with any change in skin color or
HR. How long are these pauses?
- apnea (no breathing for more than 20 seconds)
- expiratory grunting
- wheezing
- nasal flaring
- retractions
- use of accessory muscles to breathe when at rest
- high RR - CORRECT ANSWER What are indicators of respiratory difficulties in the
newborn?
- increased aortic pressure
- decreased venous pressure
- increased systemic pressure
- decreased pulmonary pressure
- closure of foramen oval, DA, and DV - CORRECT ANSWER What are the five
changes for successful cardiopulmonary adaptation?
, 160-180 and then 30 min later it goes to 120-160 - CORRECT ANSWER What is the
HR when baby is first born?
False. - CORRECT ANSWER The baby cannot become hypoglycemic from heat loss.
T/F?
They burn brown adipose tissue since they cannot shiver to maintain warmth -
CORRECT ANSWER How do newborns respond to cold?
- skin-to-skin contact with mom and warm blankets
- dry head and place cap on baby
- warp baby in two warm blankets
- place unwrapped baby under radiator and monitor temp
- monitor axillary temp
- keep newborn away from drafts
babies can regulate their temp better in 24-48hrs - CORRECT ANSWER What can
the nurse do to regulate temperature in the newborn?
True - CORRECT ANSWER Blood volume is determined in large part by the timing
of the umbilical cord clamping. T/F?
Acrocyanosis - CORRECT ANSWER _____________________ is seen in most
newborns as oxygenated blood is shunted to central area of the body and vital
organs first.
ANSWERS 2026
At 1 and 5 minutes after birth - CORRECT ANSWER When is the APGAR score
assigned?
1. HR
2. RR
3. muscle tone
4. reflex irritability (cry)
5. generalized skin color (coloring) - CORRECT ANSWER What are the five
categories of the APGAR score?
True - CORRECT ANSWER When the APGAR score is <9 at 5 minutes, it is more
important to stabilize the infant than keep them with mom. T/F?
>7 = normal
4-6 = low
<3 = critical - CORRECT ANSWER What does each APGAR score mean?
Chemical factors: hypercarbia, acidosis, and hypoxia
Sensory factors: overwhelming stimuli aids in transition
Thermal factors: drastic change in temp aids in transition
Mechanical factors: thoracic squeeze through birth causes fluid release and
replacement with air - CORRECT ANSWER What are the 4 factors that influence
initiation of the first breath?
,- hypoxia causes blood oxygen (PO2) levels to rise and pH to drop
- carbon dioxide levels (PCO2) begin to rise and prompt the resp center within the
medulla to initiate breathing - CORRECT ANSWER Why does hypoxia, hypercarbia,
and acidosis trigger respirations?
5-15 seconds (approx. 3 seconds is norm? P. 298) - CORRECT ANSWER Periodic
breathing in a newborn is not usually associated with any change in skin color or
HR. How long are these pauses?
- apnea (no breathing for more than 20 seconds)
- expiratory grunting
- wheezing
- nasal flaring
- retractions
- use of accessory muscles to breathe when at rest
- high RR - CORRECT ANSWER What are indicators of respiratory difficulties in the
newborn?
- increased aortic pressure
- decreased venous pressure
- increased systemic pressure
- decreased pulmonary pressure
- closure of foramen oval, DA, and DV - CORRECT ANSWER What are the five
changes for successful cardiopulmonary adaptation?
, 160-180 and then 30 min later it goes to 120-160 - CORRECT ANSWER What is the
HR when baby is first born?
False. - CORRECT ANSWER The baby cannot become hypoglycemic from heat loss.
T/F?
They burn brown adipose tissue since they cannot shiver to maintain warmth -
CORRECT ANSWER How do newborns respond to cold?
- skin-to-skin contact with mom and warm blankets
- dry head and place cap on baby
- warp baby in two warm blankets
- place unwrapped baby under radiator and monitor temp
- monitor axillary temp
- keep newborn away from drafts
babies can regulate their temp better in 24-48hrs - CORRECT ANSWER What can
the nurse do to regulate temperature in the newborn?
True - CORRECT ANSWER Blood volume is determined in large part by the timing
of the umbilical cord clamping. T/F?
Acrocyanosis - CORRECT ANSWER _____________________ is seen in most
newborns as oxygenated blood is shunted to central area of the body and vital
organs first.
