NURS 251 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
Safe Patient handling for immobile patients - ANS transfer devices, lift teams
Safe Patient handling for patients that can assist - ANS •Wide base of support
•Lower center of gravity
•Equilibrium of an object is maintained as long as the line of gravity passes through the base of
its support
•Facing the direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the spine
•Dividing balanced activity between arms & legs reduces the risk of injury
•Leverage, rolling turning, or pivoting requires less work
•When friction is reduced between the object to be moved & the surface on which it is moved,
less force is required to move it.
Patient Safety Goals - ANS Focus is on preventable medical events
Pt. Safety goals focuses on - ANS Accuracy of patient ID. Wrong pt, wrong site, wrong
procedure. Communication between caregivers. Prevent HAI. Patient saftey
Information on Falls - ANS Common both in & out of healthcare settings.
More common in elderly
Result in pain, disability & death.
Account for 90% of all incident reports
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 53
,Fall Risk: Intrinsic factors - ANS Surgery
Decreased mobility
Confusion & Delirium
Patients perceived ability
Fall Risk: Extrinsic Factors - ANS Unfamiliar environment
Drains/Tubes
Intravenous devices
Catheters
Fall Diagnosis instructions - ANS Leave side rails up
Make sure everything is in reach of pt.
Always ask for assistance getting out of bed
Identify as fall risk
Alternatives to restrains
Types of Restraints - ANS Chemical & Physical
Restraints ________ be ordered prn - ANS CANT
When using a restrictive device: - ANS Assess circulation of limb every 15 min
Offer food, fluids, toileting every 2h
Remove restrains & do ROM
Assess skin under restrains
Reposition every 2h
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 53
,Communication - ANS An exchange of information, ideas, and feelings that requires
interpretation, sensitivity, imagination, and active participation
Referent - ANS Motivates one to communicate with another
Sender and receiver - ANS One who encodes and one who decodes the message
Message - ANS Content of the message
Channels - ANS Means of conveying and receiving messages
Feedback - ANS Message the receiver returns
Interpersonal variables - ANS Factors that influence communication
Environment - ANS The setting for sender-receiver interaction
Critical thinking and communication - ANS Interpret messages received from others
Analyze the content
Make inferences about what the message means
Evaluate the effect
Explain the rationale for the technique used
Examine the communication style/pattern
Intrapersonal - ANS Occurs within an individual
Interpersonal - ANS One-to-one interaction between two people
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 53
, Transpersonal - ANS Interaction within a persons spiritual domain
Small group - ANS Interactions with a small number of people
Public - ANS Interaction with an audience
Factors influencing communication - ANS -perceptions
-values
-emotions
-sociocultural background
-knowledge level
-roles and relationships
-environments
-space and territory
Personal space (distance) - ANS Intimate 0-18 inches
Personal 18 in - 4 feet
Social 4ft- 12 ft
Public 12 ft and up
Touch zones - ANS Social zone (permission not needed)
Consent zone (permission needed)
Vulnerable zone (special care needed)
Intimate zone (great sensitivity needed)
Challenging factors influencing communication - ANS People who are: •Silent, withdrawn,
•depressed
•Angry
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 53
AND ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
Safe Patient handling for immobile patients - ANS transfer devices, lift teams
Safe Patient handling for patients that can assist - ANS •Wide base of support
•Lower center of gravity
•Equilibrium of an object is maintained as long as the line of gravity passes through the base of
its support
•Facing the direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the spine
•Dividing balanced activity between arms & legs reduces the risk of injury
•Leverage, rolling turning, or pivoting requires less work
•When friction is reduced between the object to be moved & the surface on which it is moved,
less force is required to move it.
Patient Safety Goals - ANS Focus is on preventable medical events
Pt. Safety goals focuses on - ANS Accuracy of patient ID. Wrong pt, wrong site, wrong
procedure. Communication between caregivers. Prevent HAI. Patient saftey
Information on Falls - ANS Common both in & out of healthcare settings.
More common in elderly
Result in pain, disability & death.
Account for 90% of all incident reports
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 53
,Fall Risk: Intrinsic factors - ANS Surgery
Decreased mobility
Confusion & Delirium
Patients perceived ability
Fall Risk: Extrinsic Factors - ANS Unfamiliar environment
Drains/Tubes
Intravenous devices
Catheters
Fall Diagnosis instructions - ANS Leave side rails up
Make sure everything is in reach of pt.
Always ask for assistance getting out of bed
Identify as fall risk
Alternatives to restrains
Types of Restraints - ANS Chemical & Physical
Restraints ________ be ordered prn - ANS CANT
When using a restrictive device: - ANS Assess circulation of limb every 15 min
Offer food, fluids, toileting every 2h
Remove restrains & do ROM
Assess skin under restrains
Reposition every 2h
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 53
,Communication - ANS An exchange of information, ideas, and feelings that requires
interpretation, sensitivity, imagination, and active participation
Referent - ANS Motivates one to communicate with another
Sender and receiver - ANS One who encodes and one who decodes the message
Message - ANS Content of the message
Channels - ANS Means of conveying and receiving messages
Feedback - ANS Message the receiver returns
Interpersonal variables - ANS Factors that influence communication
Environment - ANS The setting for sender-receiver interaction
Critical thinking and communication - ANS Interpret messages received from others
Analyze the content
Make inferences about what the message means
Evaluate the effect
Explain the rationale for the technique used
Examine the communication style/pattern
Intrapersonal - ANS Occurs within an individual
Interpersonal - ANS One-to-one interaction between two people
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 53
, Transpersonal - ANS Interaction within a persons spiritual domain
Small group - ANS Interactions with a small number of people
Public - ANS Interaction with an audience
Factors influencing communication - ANS -perceptions
-values
-emotions
-sociocultural background
-knowledge level
-roles and relationships
-environments
-space and territory
Personal space (distance) - ANS Intimate 0-18 inches
Personal 18 in - 4 feet
Social 4ft- 12 ft
Public 12 ft and up
Touch zones - ANS Social zone (permission not needed)
Consent zone (permission needed)
Vulnerable zone (special care needed)
Intimate zone (great sensitivity needed)
Challenging factors influencing communication - ANS People who are: •Silent, withdrawn,
•depressed
•Angry
@COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 53
