NUR-631 Final Exam Study Guide Exam with complete
questions and correct answers\verified 100% Grand Canyon
University
What is the chief predisposing factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
of the newborn?
a. Low birth weight
b. Alcohol consumption during pregnanc
c. Premature birth
d. Smoking during pregnancy
a. Premature birth
Exp: RDS of the newborn, also known as hyaline membrane disease (HMD),
is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. page
1301
,What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the
newborn?
a. Immature immune system
b. Small alveoli
c. Surfactant deficiency
d. Anemia
c. Surfactant deficiency
Exp: RDS is primarily caused by surfactant deficiency and secondarily by a
deficiency in alveolar surface area for gas exchange. page 1301
What is the primary problem resulting from respiratory distress syndrome
(RDS) of the newborn?
a. Consolidation
b. Pulmonary edema
c. Atelectasis
d. Bronchiolar plugging
c. Atelectasis
Exp: The primary problem is atelectasis, which causes significant hypoxemia
and is difficult for the neonate to overcome because a significant negative
inspiratory
pressure is required to open the alveoli with each breath. None of the
other options are considered a primary problem associated with RDS. page
1301
,Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis?
a. Obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow
obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation
b. Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased
pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest X-ray imaging
c. P!ulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-
producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat
ducts, and vas deferens
d. Pulmonary disorder characterized by atelectasis and increased
pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency
c. Pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-
producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts,
and vas deferens
Exp: Cystic fibrosis is best described as a pulmonary disorder involving an
abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that obstructs the
airways,
pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens. This selection is the only option that
accurately describes cystic fibrosis. pages 1310-1311
, Cystic fibrosis is caused by which process?
a. Autosomal recessive inheritance
b. Autosomal dominant inheritance
c. Infection
d. Malignancy
a. Autosomal recessive inheritance
Exp: Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that is
associated with defective epithelial ion transport. None of the other
options cause cystic
fibrosis. page 1310
What are the abnormalities in cytokines found in children with cystic fibrosis
(CF)?
a. Deficit of interleukin(IL)-1 and an excess of IL-4, IL-12, and interferon-alpha
(IFN-
α)
b. Deficit of IL-6 and an excess of IL-2, IL-8 and granulocyte colony-
stimulating factor (G-CSF)
c. Deficit of IL-10 and an excess of IL-1, IL-8 and TNF α
d. Deficit of IL-3 and an excess of IL-14, IL- 24 & colony-stimulating factor
(CSF)
c. Deficit of IL-10 and an excess of IL-1 , IL-8 and TNF α
Exp: Abnormal cytokine profiles have been documented in CF airway fluids,
including deficient IL-10 and excessive IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-α, all changes
conducive to promoting inflammation. pages 1311-12
questions and correct answers\verified 100% Grand Canyon
University
What is the chief predisposing factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
of the newborn?
a. Low birth weight
b. Alcohol consumption during pregnanc
c. Premature birth
d. Smoking during pregnancy
a. Premature birth
Exp: RDS of the newborn, also known as hyaline membrane disease (HMD),
is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. page
1301
,What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the
newborn?
a. Immature immune system
b. Small alveoli
c. Surfactant deficiency
d. Anemia
c. Surfactant deficiency
Exp: RDS is primarily caused by surfactant deficiency and secondarily by a
deficiency in alveolar surface area for gas exchange. page 1301
What is the primary problem resulting from respiratory distress syndrome
(RDS) of the newborn?
a. Consolidation
b. Pulmonary edema
c. Atelectasis
d. Bronchiolar plugging
c. Atelectasis
Exp: The primary problem is atelectasis, which causes significant hypoxemia
and is difficult for the neonate to overcome because a significant negative
inspiratory
pressure is required to open the alveoli with each breath. None of the
other options are considered a primary problem associated with RDS. page
1301
,Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis?
a. Obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow
obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation
b. Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased
pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest X-ray imaging
c. P!ulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-
producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat
ducts, and vas deferens
d. Pulmonary disorder characterized by atelectasis and increased
pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency
c. Pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-
producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts,
and vas deferens
Exp: Cystic fibrosis is best described as a pulmonary disorder involving an
abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that obstructs the
airways,
pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens. This selection is the only option that
accurately describes cystic fibrosis. pages 1310-1311
, Cystic fibrosis is caused by which process?
a. Autosomal recessive inheritance
b. Autosomal dominant inheritance
c. Infection
d. Malignancy
a. Autosomal recessive inheritance
Exp: Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that is
associated with defective epithelial ion transport. None of the other
options cause cystic
fibrosis. page 1310
What are the abnormalities in cytokines found in children with cystic fibrosis
(CF)?
a. Deficit of interleukin(IL)-1 and an excess of IL-4, IL-12, and interferon-alpha
(IFN-
α)
b. Deficit of IL-6 and an excess of IL-2, IL-8 and granulocyte colony-
stimulating factor (G-CSF)
c. Deficit of IL-10 and an excess of IL-1, IL-8 and TNF α
d. Deficit of IL-3 and an excess of IL-14, IL- 24 & colony-stimulating factor
(CSF)
c. Deficit of IL-10 and an excess of IL-1 , IL-8 and TNF α
Exp: Abnormal cytokine profiles have been documented in CF airway fluids,
including deficient IL-10 and excessive IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-α, all changes
conducive to promoting inflammation. pages 1311-12
