HPEB 502 – Health Promotion and Education in Behavioral Health Course, Study
Guide and Core Concepts Overview
Position of the American Dietetic Association: Food Insecurity in the US - correct answer ✔✔It is
the position of the American Dietetic Association that systematic and sustained action is needed
to achieve food and nutrition security for all in the United States. To eliminate food insecurity,
interventions are needed, including adequate funding for and increased utilization of food and
nutrition assistance programs, inclusion of food and nutrition education in such programs, and
innovative programs to promote and support individual and household economic self-
sufficiency. More than 49 million individuals living in the United States experienced food
insecurity in 2008. Negative nutrition and non-nutrition-related outcomes have been associated
with food insecurity in children, adolescents, and adults, including substandard academic
achievement, inadequate intake of key nutrients, poor health, increased risk for and
development of chronic disease, poor disease management, and poor psychological and
cognitive functioning. Registered dietitians and dietetic technicians, registered, can play key
roles in ending food insecurity and are uniquely positioned to make valuable contributions
through provision of comprehensive food and nutrition education; competent and collaborative
practice; innovative research related to accessing a safe, secure, and sustainable food supply;
and advocacy efforts at the local, state, regional, and national levels.
Service Learning Guest Lecture - correct answer ✔✔
Hunger and Overweight - correct answer ✔✔
Chapter 1: Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Total Diet Approach to Healthy
Eating - correct answer ✔✔It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that the
total diet or overall pattern of food eaten is the most important focus of healthy eating. All
foods can fit within this pattern if consumed in moderation with appropriate portion size and
combined with physical activity. The Academy strives to communicate healthy eating messages
that emphasize a balance of food and beverages within energy needs, rather than any one food
or meal. Public policies and dietary patterns that support the total diet approach include the
2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Diet,
MyPlate, Let's Move, Nutrition Facts labels, Healthy People 2020, and the Dietary Reference
Intakes. In contrast to the total diet approach, classification of specific foods as good or bad is
,overly simplistic and can foster unhealthy eating behaviors. Alternative approaches are
necessary in some situations. Eating practices are dynamic and influenced by many factors,
including taste and food preferences, weight concerns, physiology, time and convenience,
environment, abundance of foods, economics, media/marketing, perceived product safety,
culture, and attitudes/beliefs. To increase the effectiveness of nutrition education in promoting
sensible food choices, skilled food and nutrition practitioners utilize appropriate behavioral
theory and evidence-based strategies. Focusing on variety, moderation, and proportionality in
the context of a healthy lifestyle, rather than targeting specific nutrients or foods, can help
reduce consumer confusion and prevent unnecessary reliance on supplements. Proactive,
empowering, and practical messages that emphasize the total diet approach promote positive
lifestyle changes.
Factors Affecting Food Choice - correct answer ✔✔Social needs, Pschological needs, social
network of family and friends, food customs and cultures, food cost, education, occupation,
income, routines and habits, lifestyle, health and nutrition concerns, knowledge and beliefs,
food marketing, food availability, food flavor texture and appearance
Hunger - correct answer ✔✔The primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food.
Appetite - correct answer ✔✔a desire, rather than a need, to eat
Satiety - correct answer ✔✔No longer a desire to eat, regulated by the brain, feeding center,
satiety center
Nutrition is - correct answer ✔✔The science that links foods (and ways of eating) to health and
disease. It includes the processes by which the human organism (chooses), ingests, digests,
absorbs, transports, and excretes food substances.
Nutrients come from food - correct answer ✔✔Provide energy-Provide building blocks -Vital for
growth and maintenance-Essential
, Essential Nutrient - correct answer ✔✔Omission leads to decline in health status Regain normal
health when restored to the diet ◦ as long as no damage to tissues or organs Has specific
biological function
The six classes of nutrients - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins,
minerals, water
Nutrient Functional Categories - correct answer ✔✔Provide calories (energy) For growth,
development, and maintenance Regulate body processes
What is a calorie? - correct answer ✔✔Measurement of energy Kilocalorie (kcal): "The amount
of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius" 1,000 calories =
1 kcal = 1(food) Calorie
Macronutrients - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Major source of calories (4 kcals/gm) Simple, complex, fiber
Proteins - correct answer ✔✔Structural material Energy yielding (~4 kcal /gm) Amino acids
Lipids - correct answer ✔✔Fats and oils Do not dissolve in water Energy yielding (~9 kcal/gm)
Sample Calculation as Nutrition Label - correct answer ✔✔Per serving ◦ Carbohydrate: 15g x 4
kcal/g = 60 kcal ◦ PRO: 3g x 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal ◦ FAT: 1g x 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal ◦ TOTAL: 81 kcal,
rounded down to 80
Transformation of Energy - correct answer ✔✔Carb, Protein, Fat, Alcohol=Energy Sources=build
new compounds, nerve transmission, electrolyte balance, muscular movement
Guide and Core Concepts Overview
Position of the American Dietetic Association: Food Insecurity in the US - correct answer ✔✔It is
the position of the American Dietetic Association that systematic and sustained action is needed
to achieve food and nutrition security for all in the United States. To eliminate food insecurity,
interventions are needed, including adequate funding for and increased utilization of food and
nutrition assistance programs, inclusion of food and nutrition education in such programs, and
innovative programs to promote and support individual and household economic self-
sufficiency. More than 49 million individuals living in the United States experienced food
insecurity in 2008. Negative nutrition and non-nutrition-related outcomes have been associated
with food insecurity in children, adolescents, and adults, including substandard academic
achievement, inadequate intake of key nutrients, poor health, increased risk for and
development of chronic disease, poor disease management, and poor psychological and
cognitive functioning. Registered dietitians and dietetic technicians, registered, can play key
roles in ending food insecurity and are uniquely positioned to make valuable contributions
through provision of comprehensive food and nutrition education; competent and collaborative
practice; innovative research related to accessing a safe, secure, and sustainable food supply;
and advocacy efforts at the local, state, regional, and national levels.
Service Learning Guest Lecture - correct answer ✔✔
Hunger and Overweight - correct answer ✔✔
Chapter 1: Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Total Diet Approach to Healthy
Eating - correct answer ✔✔It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that the
total diet or overall pattern of food eaten is the most important focus of healthy eating. All
foods can fit within this pattern if consumed in moderation with appropriate portion size and
combined with physical activity. The Academy strives to communicate healthy eating messages
that emphasize a balance of food and beverages within energy needs, rather than any one food
or meal. Public policies and dietary patterns that support the total diet approach include the
2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Diet,
MyPlate, Let's Move, Nutrition Facts labels, Healthy People 2020, and the Dietary Reference
Intakes. In contrast to the total diet approach, classification of specific foods as good or bad is
,overly simplistic and can foster unhealthy eating behaviors. Alternative approaches are
necessary in some situations. Eating practices are dynamic and influenced by many factors,
including taste and food preferences, weight concerns, physiology, time and convenience,
environment, abundance of foods, economics, media/marketing, perceived product safety,
culture, and attitudes/beliefs. To increase the effectiveness of nutrition education in promoting
sensible food choices, skilled food and nutrition practitioners utilize appropriate behavioral
theory and evidence-based strategies. Focusing on variety, moderation, and proportionality in
the context of a healthy lifestyle, rather than targeting specific nutrients or foods, can help
reduce consumer confusion and prevent unnecessary reliance on supplements. Proactive,
empowering, and practical messages that emphasize the total diet approach promote positive
lifestyle changes.
Factors Affecting Food Choice - correct answer ✔✔Social needs, Pschological needs, social
network of family and friends, food customs and cultures, food cost, education, occupation,
income, routines and habits, lifestyle, health and nutrition concerns, knowledge and beliefs,
food marketing, food availability, food flavor texture and appearance
Hunger - correct answer ✔✔The primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food.
Appetite - correct answer ✔✔a desire, rather than a need, to eat
Satiety - correct answer ✔✔No longer a desire to eat, regulated by the brain, feeding center,
satiety center
Nutrition is - correct answer ✔✔The science that links foods (and ways of eating) to health and
disease. It includes the processes by which the human organism (chooses), ingests, digests,
absorbs, transports, and excretes food substances.
Nutrients come from food - correct answer ✔✔Provide energy-Provide building blocks -Vital for
growth and maintenance-Essential
, Essential Nutrient - correct answer ✔✔Omission leads to decline in health status Regain normal
health when restored to the diet ◦ as long as no damage to tissues or organs Has specific
biological function
The six classes of nutrients - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins,
minerals, water
Nutrient Functional Categories - correct answer ✔✔Provide calories (energy) For growth,
development, and maintenance Regulate body processes
What is a calorie? - correct answer ✔✔Measurement of energy Kilocalorie (kcal): "The amount
of heat it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius" 1,000 calories =
1 kcal = 1(food) Calorie
Macronutrients - correct answer ✔✔carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔Major source of calories (4 kcals/gm) Simple, complex, fiber
Proteins - correct answer ✔✔Structural material Energy yielding (~4 kcal /gm) Amino acids
Lipids - correct answer ✔✔Fats and oils Do not dissolve in water Energy yielding (~9 kcal/gm)
Sample Calculation as Nutrition Label - correct answer ✔✔Per serving ◦ Carbohydrate: 15g x 4
kcal/g = 60 kcal ◦ PRO: 3g x 4 kcal/g = 12 kcal ◦ FAT: 1g x 9 kcal/g = 9 kcal ◦ TOTAL: 81 kcal,
rounded down to 80
Transformation of Energy - correct answer ✔✔Carb, Protein, Fat, Alcohol=Energy Sources=build
new compounds, nerve transmission, electrolyte balance, muscular movement
