NBME CBSE COMPREHENSIVE TEST BANK REAL
EXAM 220 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
2026 COMPLETE EXAM (usmle step 1) MEDICAL
EXAMINATION
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
common AD inherited heart defect of a thick septal wall
mutations in sarcomeric proteins (myosin binding protein C; Beta
myosin heavy chain)
sudden death in young athletes
Loffler endocarditis
assoc w hypereosinophilic syndrome; histology shows eosinophilic infiltrates
in myocardium
cause restrictive/infiltrative cardiomyopathy with low voltage ECG
,Endocardial fibroelastosis
Dense layer of fibrosis and elastic tissue in the endocardium; cause of
restrictive cardiomyopathy in children
low voltage ECG
Culture negative bacterial endocarditis
Coxiella
Bartonella
HACEK (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter/Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium,
Eikenella, Kingella)
Erythema marginatum
rheumatic fever
Erythema multiforme
skin disorder resulting from a generalized allergic reaction to an illness,
infection, or medication
,Erythema migrans
Lyme disease
pulsus paradoxus
beats have weaker amplitude with respiratory inspiration, stronger with
expiration seen in cardiac tamponade, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea,
pericarditis, croup
Polyarteritis nodosa
affects multiple medium-sized arteries EXCEPT PULMONARY
Transmural inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis
assoc with Hep B
Bechet's syndrome
recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis
immune complex vasculitis, assoc with HLA-
B51
, cutaneous small vessel vasculitis
Occurs 7-10 days after certain medication (pen, cephalosporins,
phenytoin, allopurinol) or infection (HCV,HIV).
Palpable purpura, no visceral involvement
Immune complex mediated leukocytoclastic vasculitis
mixed cryoglobulinemia
Often due to viral infection, especially HCV
Triad of palpable purpura, weakness, arthralgia. May also have
peripheral neuropathy and renal disease.
Mixed IgG and IgA immune complex deposition vasculitis
Cardiac myxoma
benign tumor left atrium; embolization;
syncope Gelatinous
Hear early diastolic "tumor plop"
Produce IL-6 leading to constitutional symptoms of fever or weight loss
Kussmaul sign
Inc in JVP on inspiration
Seen in constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathies, right
atrial or ventricular tumors
EXAM 220 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
2026 COMPLETE EXAM (usmle step 1) MEDICAL
EXAMINATION
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
common AD inherited heart defect of a thick septal wall
mutations in sarcomeric proteins (myosin binding protein C; Beta
myosin heavy chain)
sudden death in young athletes
Loffler endocarditis
assoc w hypereosinophilic syndrome; histology shows eosinophilic infiltrates
in myocardium
cause restrictive/infiltrative cardiomyopathy with low voltage ECG
,Endocardial fibroelastosis
Dense layer of fibrosis and elastic tissue in the endocardium; cause of
restrictive cardiomyopathy in children
low voltage ECG
Culture negative bacterial endocarditis
Coxiella
Bartonella
HACEK (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter/Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium,
Eikenella, Kingella)
Erythema marginatum
rheumatic fever
Erythema multiforme
skin disorder resulting from a generalized allergic reaction to an illness,
infection, or medication
,Erythema migrans
Lyme disease
pulsus paradoxus
beats have weaker amplitude with respiratory inspiration, stronger with
expiration seen in cardiac tamponade, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea,
pericarditis, croup
Polyarteritis nodosa
affects multiple medium-sized arteries EXCEPT PULMONARY
Transmural inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis
assoc with Hep B
Bechet's syndrome
recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis
immune complex vasculitis, assoc with HLA-
B51
, cutaneous small vessel vasculitis
Occurs 7-10 days after certain medication (pen, cephalosporins,
phenytoin, allopurinol) or infection (HCV,HIV).
Palpable purpura, no visceral involvement
Immune complex mediated leukocytoclastic vasculitis
mixed cryoglobulinemia
Often due to viral infection, especially HCV
Triad of palpable purpura, weakness, arthralgia. May also have
peripheral neuropathy and renal disease.
Mixed IgG and IgA immune complex deposition vasculitis
Cardiac myxoma
benign tumor left atrium; embolization;
syncope Gelatinous
Hear early diastolic "tumor plop"
Produce IL-6 leading to constitutional symptoms of fever or weight loss
Kussmaul sign
Inc in JVP on inspiration
Seen in constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathies, right
atrial or ventricular tumors
