SOUTH CAROLINA BIOLOGY EOC
REVIEW FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Analogous structures.
Answer: Structrues similar in appearance and function, but have different
evolutionary origins.
◍ x-linked recessive.
Answer: must have sex linked recessive gene to show trait
◍ endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Answer: network that transports materials around cell
◍ Rough ER.
Answer: has ribosomes attached to the surface is ribosome studded
◍ Glucose.
Answer: simple sugar, formed in photosynthesis
◍ commensalism.
Answer: one species benefits, the other is unaffected (+/-)
◍ genotype.
Answer: organisms alleles
◍ Favorable Traits.
Answer: Traits that enhance an organism's reproductive success.
◍ Alleles.
Answer: the different forms of a gene
,◍ flagella.
Answer: whip-like projection for movement
◍ asexual reproduction.
Answer: reproduction by one parent as a result of cell division
◍ Protein synthesis.
Answer: process through which a cell makes a particular protein
◍ what are the three parts of a nucleotide?.
Answer: 1. phosphate group2. sugar group3. nitrogen base
◍ Benign tumor.
Answer: mass of cancer cells that remain at original cite
◍ 5 mechanisms of evolution.
Answer: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, non-random mating, gene
flow
◍ Cell Division.
Answer: process by which the fertilized egg gives rise to a large number of
cells
◍ Natural selection.
Answer: allows for the most favorable phenotypes to survive and thus be
passed on to future generations.
◍ Gradualism.
Answer: Gradual changes of a species in a particular way over long periods
of time, such as a gradual trend toward larger or smaller body size.
◍ Stem cells.
Answer: undifferentiated cells
◍ Telophase.
Answer: the last phase of mitosis. Chromosomes uncoil. A nuclear envelope
forms around the chromosomes at each pole of the cell. Spindle fibers break
down and dissolve
, ◍ Cellular Respiration.
Answer: converts chemical energy in nutrients to chemical energy stored in
ATP.
◍ Metaphase.
Answer: chromosomes line up across middle of cell, spindle fiber connect
the centromere of each sister chromatid to the poles
◍ spindle fibers.
Answer: microtubules that extend from the centrioles and guide
chromosome movement
◍ what are the function(s) of lipids?.
Answer: long term energy storage
◍ Cell cycle.
Answer: an ordered sequence of events that extends from the time a
eukaryotic cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own
division into two cells
◍ Abiotic Factors.
Answer: chemical or physical factors(ex. water, nitrogen, oxygen, salinity,
pH, soil nutrients and composition, temperature, amount of sunlight,
precipitation)
◍ Convergent Evolution.
Answer: Evolution among different groups of organisms living in similar
environments produces species that are similar in appearance and behavior.
◍ Translation.
Answer: Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
◍ Nondisjunction.
Answer: an accident of meiosis or mitosis in which a pair of homologous
chromosomes or a pair of sister chromatids fail to separate at anaphase
◍ key features of autosomal recessive.
Answer: often skips generations.. affects males and females equally
REVIEW FINAL TEST 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Analogous structures.
Answer: Structrues similar in appearance and function, but have different
evolutionary origins.
◍ x-linked recessive.
Answer: must have sex linked recessive gene to show trait
◍ endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Answer: network that transports materials around cell
◍ Rough ER.
Answer: has ribosomes attached to the surface is ribosome studded
◍ Glucose.
Answer: simple sugar, formed in photosynthesis
◍ commensalism.
Answer: one species benefits, the other is unaffected (+/-)
◍ genotype.
Answer: organisms alleles
◍ Favorable Traits.
Answer: Traits that enhance an organism's reproductive success.
◍ Alleles.
Answer: the different forms of a gene
,◍ flagella.
Answer: whip-like projection for movement
◍ asexual reproduction.
Answer: reproduction by one parent as a result of cell division
◍ Protein synthesis.
Answer: process through which a cell makes a particular protein
◍ what are the three parts of a nucleotide?.
Answer: 1. phosphate group2. sugar group3. nitrogen base
◍ Benign tumor.
Answer: mass of cancer cells that remain at original cite
◍ 5 mechanisms of evolution.
Answer: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, non-random mating, gene
flow
◍ Cell Division.
Answer: process by which the fertilized egg gives rise to a large number of
cells
◍ Natural selection.
Answer: allows for the most favorable phenotypes to survive and thus be
passed on to future generations.
◍ Gradualism.
Answer: Gradual changes of a species in a particular way over long periods
of time, such as a gradual trend toward larger or smaller body size.
◍ Stem cells.
Answer: undifferentiated cells
◍ Telophase.
Answer: the last phase of mitosis. Chromosomes uncoil. A nuclear envelope
forms around the chromosomes at each pole of the cell. Spindle fibers break
down and dissolve
, ◍ Cellular Respiration.
Answer: converts chemical energy in nutrients to chemical energy stored in
ATP.
◍ Metaphase.
Answer: chromosomes line up across middle of cell, spindle fiber connect
the centromere of each sister chromatid to the poles
◍ spindle fibers.
Answer: microtubules that extend from the centrioles and guide
chromosome movement
◍ what are the function(s) of lipids?.
Answer: long term energy storage
◍ Cell cycle.
Answer: an ordered sequence of events that extends from the time a
eukaryotic cell is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own
division into two cells
◍ Abiotic Factors.
Answer: chemical or physical factors(ex. water, nitrogen, oxygen, salinity,
pH, soil nutrients and composition, temperature, amount of sunlight,
precipitation)
◍ Convergent Evolution.
Answer: Evolution among different groups of organisms living in similar
environments produces species that are similar in appearance and behavior.
◍ Translation.
Answer: Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
◍ Nondisjunction.
Answer: an accident of meiosis or mitosis in which a pair of homologous
chromosomes or a pair of sister chromatids fail to separate at anaphase
◍ key features of autosomal recessive.
Answer: often skips generations.. affects males and females equally
