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NR 511/ NR511 FINAL EXAM:
(NEW 2026/ 2027 UPDATE)
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND
PRIMARY CARE PRACTICUM REVIEW|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Susan, age 59, has no specific complaints when she comes in for her annual
examination. She does, however, have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), slight
hypertension, dyslipidemia, and central obesity. How would you diagnose her?
1. As a healthy adult with several problems.
2. As having a glycemic event.
3. As having metabolic syndrome.
4. As having multiple organ dysfunction correct answer 3.
As having metabolic syndrome.
Tom has just been diagnosed with celiac disease. Which of the following might
you tell him?
1. There is a new pharmaceutical cure for celiac disease.
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2. A strict gluten-free diet is the only treatment for celiac disease.
3. Your children will not be at a higher risk for developing this disease.
4. The presence of celiac disease is decreasing dramatically in the United States.
correct answer 2.A strict gluten-free diet is the only treatment for celiac disease.
Simon, age 72, states that he is worried because he has a bowel movement only
every third day. You respond:1.
"You should have two to three stools per day."
2. "You should defecate once a day."
3. "You should have at least three stools per week."
4. "There is no such thing as a 'normal' pattern of defecation." correct answer 4.
"There is no such thing as a 'normal' pattern of defecation."
Matt, age 26, recently returned from a camping trip and has gastroenteritis. He
says that he has been eating only canned food. Which of the following pathogens
do you suspect?
1.Campylobacter jejuni.
2.Clostridium botulinum.
3.Clostridium perfringens.
4.Staphylococcus. correct answer 2.
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Clostridium botulinum.
Timothy, age 68, complains of an abrupt change in his defecation pattern. You
evaluate him for:
1.Constipation.
2.Colorectal cancer.
3.Irritable bowel syndrome.
4.Acute appendicitis. correct answer 2.
Colorectal cancer.
Ruby has a colostomy and complains that her stools are too loose. What food(s)
do you suggest to help thicken the stools?
1. Cheese.
2. Leafy green vegetables.
3. Raw fruits and vegetables.
4. Dried beans. correct answer 1. Cheese
Martina, age 34, has AIDS and currently suffers from diarrhea. You suspect she
has which protozoal infection of the bowel?
1. Giardiasis.
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2. Amebiasis.
3.Cryptosporidiosis.
4.Escherichia coli. correct answer 3.
Cryptosporidiosis.
Anson tells you he thinks his antacids are causing his diarrhea. You respond:
1."Antacids contain fructose, which may not be totally absorbed, resulting in fluid
being drawn into the bowel."
2."Antacids contain sorbitol or mannitol, which are sugars that aren't absorbed
and can cause fluid to be drawn into the bowel."
3."Antacids contain caffeine, which decreases bowel transit time."
4."Antacids may contain magnesium, which decreases bowel transit time and
may contain poorly absorbed salts that draw fluid into the bowel." correct answer
4."Antacids may contain magnesium, which decreases bowel transit time and
may contain poorly absorbed salts that draw fluid into the bowel."
Tina has a chronic hepatitis C infection. She asks you how to prevent its
transmission. You respond:
1. "Do not donate blood until one year after diagnosis."
2. "Abstain from sex altogether."
NR 511/ NR511 FINAL EXAM:
(NEW 2026/ 2027 UPDATE)
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND
PRIMARY CARE PRACTICUM REVIEW|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Susan, age 59, has no specific complaints when she comes in for her annual
examination. She does, however, have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), slight
hypertension, dyslipidemia, and central obesity. How would you diagnose her?
1. As a healthy adult with several problems.
2. As having a glycemic event.
3. As having metabolic syndrome.
4. As having multiple organ dysfunction correct answer 3.
As having metabolic syndrome.
Tom has just been diagnosed with celiac disease. Which of the following might
you tell him?
1. There is a new pharmaceutical cure for celiac disease.
, 2
2. A strict gluten-free diet is the only treatment for celiac disease.
3. Your children will not be at a higher risk for developing this disease.
4. The presence of celiac disease is decreasing dramatically in the United States.
correct answer 2.A strict gluten-free diet is the only treatment for celiac disease.
Simon, age 72, states that he is worried because he has a bowel movement only
every third day. You respond:1.
"You should have two to three stools per day."
2. "You should defecate once a day."
3. "You should have at least three stools per week."
4. "There is no such thing as a 'normal' pattern of defecation." correct answer 4.
"There is no such thing as a 'normal' pattern of defecation."
Matt, age 26, recently returned from a camping trip and has gastroenteritis. He
says that he has been eating only canned food. Which of the following pathogens
do you suspect?
1.Campylobacter jejuni.
2.Clostridium botulinum.
3.Clostridium perfringens.
4.Staphylococcus. correct answer 2.
, 3
Clostridium botulinum.
Timothy, age 68, complains of an abrupt change in his defecation pattern. You
evaluate him for:
1.Constipation.
2.Colorectal cancer.
3.Irritable bowel syndrome.
4.Acute appendicitis. correct answer 2.
Colorectal cancer.
Ruby has a colostomy and complains that her stools are too loose. What food(s)
do you suggest to help thicken the stools?
1. Cheese.
2. Leafy green vegetables.
3. Raw fruits and vegetables.
4. Dried beans. correct answer 1. Cheese
Martina, age 34, has AIDS and currently suffers from diarrhea. You suspect she
has which protozoal infection of the bowel?
1. Giardiasis.
, 4
2. Amebiasis.
3.Cryptosporidiosis.
4.Escherichia coli. correct answer 3.
Cryptosporidiosis.
Anson tells you he thinks his antacids are causing his diarrhea. You respond:
1."Antacids contain fructose, which may not be totally absorbed, resulting in fluid
being drawn into the bowel."
2."Antacids contain sorbitol or mannitol, which are sugars that aren't absorbed
and can cause fluid to be drawn into the bowel."
3."Antacids contain caffeine, which decreases bowel transit time."
4."Antacids may contain magnesium, which decreases bowel transit time and
may contain poorly absorbed salts that draw fluid into the bowel." correct answer
4."Antacids may contain magnesium, which decreases bowel transit time and
may contain poorly absorbed salts that draw fluid into the bowel."
Tina has a chronic hepatitis C infection. She asks you how to prevent its
transmission. You respond:
1. "Do not donate blood until one year after diagnosis."
2. "Abstain from sex altogether."
