BIO SCI E109: FINAL EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.Flow of air through the respiratory tract - ANSWERS✔-1. nose and mouth
2. pharynx
3. larynx
4. trachea
5. rt/lt primary bronchi
6. secondary bronchi
7. bronchioles
8. alveoli
\.trends of branching air ways - ANSWERS✔-as the branches increase...
- airways become more numerous
- airways become smaller
- overall cross-sectional area increase (Q = vA)
- the speed of air becomes slower
,\.Exchange surface of alveoli - ANSWERS✔-gas flow between alveolar air space to
plasma of closely associated capillaries bed
has to pass the alveoli epithelium, the endothelium, and their fused basement
membrane
\.Partial pressure of gas - ANSWERS✔-Pgas = Patm x % of gas in atmosphere
higher partial pressure = higher % of that gas
\.Partial pressure of gas (w/ water vapor) - ANSWERS✔-Pgas = (Patm - Pwater) x %
of gas in atmosphere
\.Bolye's Law - ANSWERS✔-P1V1 = P2V2
\.Bolye's Law: How do lungs fill with air? - ANSWERS✔-Diaphragram contracts ->
thoracic V increases -> P decrease (lungs fill with air)
Diaphragram relaxes, -> thoracic V decreases -> P increase (lungs push air out)
\.lung ventilation over time (terms) - ANSWERS✔-ventilation: movement of air
into and out of the lungs
, residual volume: the volume of air remaining in the lungs after breathing out as
much as possible (not 0)
vital capacity: the volume of air remaining in the lungs after breathing in as much
as possible
tidal volume: the volume of air that moves in or out of the lungs with normal
breathing (~500 mL)
\.types of gas movement in the respiratory system - ANSWERS✔-diffusion: O2 and
CO2 move down their own partial pressure gradient (at alveoli-capillaries interface
and in/out of cells)
convection (bulk movement): O2 and CO2 is transported dissolved, bound to
hemoglobin (O2 can also dissolved in plasma)
\.Partial pressure of gas dissolved in a liquid - ANSWERS✔-At equilibrium, Pgas =
Pgas dissolved in liquid
BUT their [O2] in air and [O2] in liquid could be different depending on solubility
of O2 in the liquid
Higher solubility = higher [O2] in liquid
[gas] in solution = (Pgas)(solubility of gas)
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.Flow of air through the respiratory tract - ANSWERS✔-1. nose and mouth
2. pharynx
3. larynx
4. trachea
5. rt/lt primary bronchi
6. secondary bronchi
7. bronchioles
8. alveoli
\.trends of branching air ways - ANSWERS✔-as the branches increase...
- airways become more numerous
- airways become smaller
- overall cross-sectional area increase (Q = vA)
- the speed of air becomes slower
,\.Exchange surface of alveoli - ANSWERS✔-gas flow between alveolar air space to
plasma of closely associated capillaries bed
has to pass the alveoli epithelium, the endothelium, and their fused basement
membrane
\.Partial pressure of gas - ANSWERS✔-Pgas = Patm x % of gas in atmosphere
higher partial pressure = higher % of that gas
\.Partial pressure of gas (w/ water vapor) - ANSWERS✔-Pgas = (Patm - Pwater) x %
of gas in atmosphere
\.Bolye's Law - ANSWERS✔-P1V1 = P2V2
\.Bolye's Law: How do lungs fill with air? - ANSWERS✔-Diaphragram contracts ->
thoracic V increases -> P decrease (lungs fill with air)
Diaphragram relaxes, -> thoracic V decreases -> P increase (lungs push air out)
\.lung ventilation over time (terms) - ANSWERS✔-ventilation: movement of air
into and out of the lungs
, residual volume: the volume of air remaining in the lungs after breathing out as
much as possible (not 0)
vital capacity: the volume of air remaining in the lungs after breathing in as much
as possible
tidal volume: the volume of air that moves in or out of the lungs with normal
breathing (~500 mL)
\.types of gas movement in the respiratory system - ANSWERS✔-diffusion: O2 and
CO2 move down their own partial pressure gradient (at alveoli-capillaries interface
and in/out of cells)
convection (bulk movement): O2 and CO2 is transported dissolved, bound to
hemoglobin (O2 can also dissolved in plasma)
\.Partial pressure of gas dissolved in a liquid - ANSWERS✔-At equilibrium, Pgas =
Pgas dissolved in liquid
BUT their [O2] in air and [O2] in liquid could be different depending on solubility
of O2 in the liquid
Higher solubility = higher [O2] in liquid
[gas] in solution = (Pgas)(solubility of gas)
