PSL 250 - Final Exam (Modules 1-5)
Questions With Correct Answers
1. (Lecture #2) - Define homeostasis and the components of a
| | | | | | | | | | |
homeostatic system. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Homeostasis - The ability
| | | | | | | |
of an organism to maintain consistent internal environment, or "steady
| | | | | | | | | |
state," in response to changing internal or external conditions.
| | | | | | | |
- hundreds of anatomic structures and physiologic processes are
| | | | | | | | |
continuously monitored and adjusted | | |
components:
1. stimulus - changes in a variable that is regulates (temperature, stretch
| | | | | | | | | | |
in muscle)
| |
2. receptor - structure that detects the stimulus (sensory neurons,
| | | | | | | | | |
stretch receptors) |
3. receptor sends input information to the control center (if receptor
| | | | | | | | | | |
and control center are separate structures)
| | | | |
4. control center - integrates input and initiates change through the
| | | | | | | | | | |
effectors (usually brain or endocrine gland)
| | | | |
5. control center sends output information to an effector (initiates
| | | | | | | | | |
response)
6. effector - structure that brings about a change to the stimulus
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(muscle or gland) | |
, 7. homeostasis restored
| |
2. (Lecture #2) - List the four organic biological macromolecules and
| | | | | | | | | | |
atoms that make up these macromolecules. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids |
- biological macromolecules always contain carbon, hydrogen, and
| | | | | | | |
generally oxygen atoms | | |
- some also contain: phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur
| | | | | | |
- CHON PS - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
| | | | | | | | |
3. (Lecture #3) - Distinguish between cellular processes of passive
| | | | | | | | | |
membrane transport including simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
| | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-passive processes - no expenditure of cellular
| | | | | | | | | |
energy required; substances move down their concentration gradient
| | | | | | |
diffusion - movement of solutes
| | | |
osmosis - movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
| | | | | | | | |
simple diffusion - no transport protein required
| | | | | |
facilitated diffusion - transport protein required
| | | | |
channel-mediated - ion moves through channel | | | | |
Questions With Correct Answers
1. (Lecture #2) - Define homeostasis and the components of a
| | | | | | | | | | |
homeostatic system. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Homeostasis - The ability
| | | | | | | |
of an organism to maintain consistent internal environment, or "steady
| | | | | | | | | |
state," in response to changing internal or external conditions.
| | | | | | | |
- hundreds of anatomic structures and physiologic processes are
| | | | | | | | |
continuously monitored and adjusted | | |
components:
1. stimulus - changes in a variable that is regulates (temperature, stretch
| | | | | | | | | | |
in muscle)
| |
2. receptor - structure that detects the stimulus (sensory neurons,
| | | | | | | | | |
stretch receptors) |
3. receptor sends input information to the control center (if receptor
| | | | | | | | | | |
and control center are separate structures)
| | | | |
4. control center - integrates input and initiates change through the
| | | | | | | | | | |
effectors (usually brain or endocrine gland)
| | | | |
5. control center sends output information to an effector (initiates
| | | | | | | | | |
response)
6. effector - structure that brings about a change to the stimulus
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(muscle or gland) | |
, 7. homeostasis restored
| |
2. (Lecture #2) - List the four organic biological macromolecules and
| | | | | | | | | | |
atoms that make up these macromolecules. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids |
- biological macromolecules always contain carbon, hydrogen, and
| | | | | | | |
generally oxygen atoms | | |
- some also contain: phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur
| | | | | | |
- CHON PS - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
| | | | | | | | |
3. (Lecture #3) - Distinguish between cellular processes of passive
| | | | | | | | | |
membrane transport including simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
| | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-passive processes - no expenditure of cellular
| | | | | | | | | |
energy required; substances move down their concentration gradient
| | | | | | |
diffusion - movement of solutes
| | | |
osmosis - movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
| | | | | | | | |
simple diffusion - no transport protein required
| | | | | |
facilitated diffusion - transport protein required
| | | | |
channel-mediated - ion moves through channel | | | | |
