How to determine the age of rocks
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Two ways - numerical dating and relative dating.
Numerical dating determines the actual ages of rocks through the study of
radioactive decay.
Relative dating cannot establish absolute age, but it can establish whether
one rock is older or younger than another.
Chemical Properties (examples)
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, reactivity, pH, flammability
Air density
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At sea level, air density is around 1.2 kg m-3
Air density decreases with altitude
Phanerozoic eras in order
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Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
Metamorphic rock
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modified by heat, pressure and chemical processes, usually while buried
deep below Earth's surface; extreme conditions modify the rock's
properties.
examples: slate, soapstone, marble
,Effects of runoff
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Runoff may contain excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus,
pesticides, pollutants, waste, bacteria and more. Runoff may decrease
water quality in watersheds.
The Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships
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Rock formations that cut across other rocks must be younger than the rocks
that they cut across.
1st Law of Thermodynamics
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Matter and energy are conserved (energy in = energy out) in a closed
system.
Specific heat capacity
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, the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of a substance
to change its temperature by 1 degree C.
Relationship between density, pressure and temperature
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p = R rT
p is pressure,
r (Greek rho) is density
T is temperature (in degrees Kelvin),
R is the specific gas constant, which varies from gas to gas.
For dry air, R is 287 J K-1 kg-1.
This very important relationship is known as the Equation of State
Evidence for Plate Tectonic Theory
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Fossil record similarities that span multiple continents
The "fit" of the continents
Concentration of geothermal and seismic activity along plate boundaries
Seafloor spreading and ridges
The hydrologic cycle - diagram
Give this one a try later!
Two ways - numerical dating and relative dating.
Numerical dating determines the actual ages of rocks through the study of
radioactive decay.
Relative dating cannot establish absolute age, but it can establish whether
one rock is older or younger than another.
Chemical Properties (examples)
Give this one a try later!
, reactivity, pH, flammability
Air density
Give this one a try later!
At sea level, air density is around 1.2 kg m-3
Air density decreases with altitude
Phanerozoic eras in order
Give this one a try later!
Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
Metamorphic rock
Give this one a try later!
modified by heat, pressure and chemical processes, usually while buried
deep below Earth's surface; extreme conditions modify the rock's
properties.
examples: slate, soapstone, marble
,Effects of runoff
Give this one a try later!
Runoff may contain excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus,
pesticides, pollutants, waste, bacteria and more. Runoff may decrease
water quality in watersheds.
The Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships
Give this one a try later!
Rock formations that cut across other rocks must be younger than the rocks
that they cut across.
1st Law of Thermodynamics
Give this one a try later!
Matter and energy are conserved (energy in = energy out) in a closed
system.
Specific heat capacity
Give this one a try later!
, the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of a substance
to change its temperature by 1 degree C.
Relationship between density, pressure and temperature
Give this one a try later!
p = R rT
p is pressure,
r (Greek rho) is density
T is temperature (in degrees Kelvin),
R is the specific gas constant, which varies from gas to gas.
For dry air, R is 287 J K-1 kg-1.
This very important relationship is known as the Equation of State
Evidence for Plate Tectonic Theory
Give this one a try later!
Fossil record similarities that span multiple continents
The "fit" of the continents
Concentration of geothermal and seismic activity along plate boundaries
Seafloor spreading and ridges
The hydrologic cycle - diagram
