CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PRINCIPLES
TECHNIQUES AND CORRELATIONS REVISION
HANDBOOK 2026 LABORATORY
INTERPRETATION AND QUALITY CONTROL
◉ What types of specimens are commonly analyzed in clinical
chemistry? Answer: Blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), feces,
calculi (stones), and tissues.
◉ What are the two types of analyses performed in clinical
chemistry? Answer: Quantitative analyses (measuring amount or
concentration) and qualitative analyses (detecting presence or
absence).
◉ How does clinical chemistry assist in patient care? Answer: By
diagnosing diseases, monitoring chronic conditions, assessing
treatment effectiveness, and screening for risk factors.
◉ What are the areas within clinical chemistry? Answer: General
Chemistry, Special Chemistry, Toxicology, Therapeutic Drug
Monitoring, and Point-of-Care Testing (POCT).
, ◉ What is a test panel in clinical chemistry? Answer: A combination
of tests ordered to provide better diagnostic insight than a single
test, performed on the same sample.
◉ What is the most examined sample in the clinical laboratory?
Answer: Blood.
◉ What are the three layers formed when whole blood is
centrifuged? Answer: Plasma (top layer), Buffy Coat (middle layer),
and Red Blood Cells (bottom layer).
◉ What is the function of anticoagulant tubes? Answer: They
contain additives that prevent blood from clotting, allowing the fluid
portion to be called plasma.
◉ What is serum? Answer: The liquid portion obtained after blood
clots and is centrifuged, lacking clotting proteins.
◉ What are common uses for urine in clinical testing? Answer:
Evaluating kidney function, drug screening, and assessing metabolic
waste.
◉ What is the purpose of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis?
Answer: To evaluate neurological conditions and aid in the diagnosis
of meningitis, multiple sclerosis, and stroke.
TECHNIQUES AND CORRELATIONS REVISION
HANDBOOK 2026 LABORATORY
INTERPRETATION AND QUALITY CONTROL
◉ What types of specimens are commonly analyzed in clinical
chemistry? Answer: Blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), feces,
calculi (stones), and tissues.
◉ What are the two types of analyses performed in clinical
chemistry? Answer: Quantitative analyses (measuring amount or
concentration) and qualitative analyses (detecting presence or
absence).
◉ How does clinical chemistry assist in patient care? Answer: By
diagnosing diseases, monitoring chronic conditions, assessing
treatment effectiveness, and screening for risk factors.
◉ What are the areas within clinical chemistry? Answer: General
Chemistry, Special Chemistry, Toxicology, Therapeutic Drug
Monitoring, and Point-of-Care Testing (POCT).
, ◉ What is a test panel in clinical chemistry? Answer: A combination
of tests ordered to provide better diagnostic insight than a single
test, performed on the same sample.
◉ What is the most examined sample in the clinical laboratory?
Answer: Blood.
◉ What are the three layers formed when whole blood is
centrifuged? Answer: Plasma (top layer), Buffy Coat (middle layer),
and Red Blood Cells (bottom layer).
◉ What is the function of anticoagulant tubes? Answer: They
contain additives that prevent blood from clotting, allowing the fluid
portion to be called plasma.
◉ What is serum? Answer: The liquid portion obtained after blood
clots and is centrifuged, lacking clotting proteins.
◉ What are common uses for urine in clinical testing? Answer:
Evaluating kidney function, drug screening, and assessing metabolic
waste.
◉ What is the purpose of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis?
Answer: To evaluate neurological conditions and aid in the diagnosis
of meningitis, multiple sclerosis, and stroke.
