AQA A-LEVEL CHEMISTRY PAPER 2
EXAMINATIONA QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 2026| A+ GRADED
what else can saturate an alkene and what product is produced - ANSWER✔️- water which
produces an alcohol
how dose water saturate and alkene - ANSWER✔️by attaching it self as an H and an OH
functional group
what are two other problems with crude oil - ANSWER✔️- there is a higher demand for short
alkanes then longer ones
- there aren't enough alkenes for our purposes
what solves the above two problems wth crude oil - ANSWER✔️cracking
why is cracking used - ANSWER✔️- to break longer alkanes into shorter alkanes (meet demand)
and an alkene
what is required for catalytical cracking - ANSWER✔️- zeolite catalyst at 550 degrees celciulus
what is an alternative to catalytical cracking - ANSWER✔️- steam cracking uses no catalyst but a
higher temprature over 800 degrees
,what is an alcohol - ANSWER✔️- organic molecule with an OH functional group
what do all alcohols end with - ANSWER✔️-ol
what is the general formula for alcohols - ANSWER✔️Cn H2n+1 OH
example alcohol drawn with -OH functional group
what are the first 4 alcohols - ANSWER✔️-Methanol
-ethanol
-propanol
-butanol
what are the products for the complete combustion of alcohol with oxygen - ANSWER✔️- carbon
dioxide -water
what are the products for the incomplete combustion of alcohol with oxygen - ANSWER✔️-
carbon monoxide/ carbon
-water
what are the products from reacting ethanol and sodium - ANSWER✔️- sodium ethoxide
what can an alcohol produce when mixed with water - ANSWER✔️a solution, but this gets
difficult the longer the alcohol
what is the product when alcohol is is oxidised (without combustion) - ANSWER✔️- carboxylic
acid
(-COOH)
what do all carboxylic acids end with - ANSWER✔️- anoic acid
what functional group dose carboxylic acids have - ANSWER✔️-COOH
what are the first 4 carboxylic acids - ANSWER✔️Methanoic acid
Ethanoic acid
Propanoic acid
Butanoic acid
what is the general formula for carboxylic acid - ANSWER✔️Cn H2n O2
example carboxylic acid drawn with COOH functional group
when ethanol is oxidised what dose it become - ANSWER✔️- ethanoic acid
,what are polymers - ANSWER✔️- long chained organic molecules made up of repeating sections
made from monomers
what must monomers joined together by addition polymerisation contain - ANSWER✔️- a double
bond, which breaks to produce a single bond to bond to the next monomer
- example of addition polymeriationn with ethene
what is condensation polymerisation - ANSWER✔️when we join two different monomers that
have two functional groups
- example of condensation polymerisation
what are the products of reacting carboxylic acid with alcohol - ANSWER✔️- ester and water
- esters have a -COO functional group
what molecule is lost in condensation polymerisation - ANSWER✔️- for every bond fomed
between the monomers a molecule of water is lost
what are the functional groups in amino acids - ANSWER✔️- amino group (-NH2)
-carboxyl group (-COOH)
what is products when amino acids are polymerised - ANSWER✔️-polypeptides
-proteins
how does removing product from one side (in the Harber process) affect the reaction -
ANSWER✔️- removing products from one side will shift equilibrium on that side
e.g removing ammonia results in more being made
what does exothermic mean? - ANSWER✔️it releases heat to the surroundings
what dose endot - ANSWER✔️takes in energy form the surrounding
how does increasing the temperature (in the Harber process) affect the reaction - ANSWER✔️-
it's harder for a reaction to produce heat so a hotter temperature favours the endothermic side
- in the Harber process making ammonia is exothermic and breaking it down is endothermic
how is crude oil made - ANSWER✔️- made from plankton that has been buried underwater and
compressed over a long time
- mainly consists of hydrocarbons
what are the two types of hydrocarbons - ANSWER✔️Alkanes and alkenes
, what is a functional group - ANSWER✔️- group of atoms that determines how molecules
typcally react
what is the homolugus series - ANSWER✔️- series of compounds with same functional groups
(simalar properties)
what are alkanes - ANSWER✔️-chains of single covalently bonded carbon atoms surrounded by
hydrogen atmos
- staturated molecule (more full)
what in the general formula for alkanes - ANSWER✔️CnH2n+2
example alkane drawn with single carbon bond
what do all alkanes end with - ANSWER✔️ane
what are the first 4 alkanes - ANSWER✔️- methane
-ethane
-propane
-butane
how can we find the names of next alkanes (after the first 4) - ANSWER✔️alkanes are then called
after the names of shapes and end with ane
e.g.
- hexane
-heptane
-octane
why do we use fractional distillation on crude oil - ANSWER✔️- crude oil isnt useful as a
mixture of all of the different length alkanes
describe the method for using fractional distillation on crude oil - ANSWER✔️- we heat them so
they can evaporate and rise up the fractionating tower
- the tower gets cooler the higher the gases rises
- as different length alkanes have different boiling points they condese at diffrenet heights
- then they are collected as liquids/ gasses
describe the difference between shorter and longer alkanes (in fractional distillation) -
ANSWER✔️- short alakanes are evaporated and collected as gases higher up the tower
-longer alkanes are evaported and recondensed lower down the tower
why do longer alkanes have a higher boiling point - ANSWER✔️- more energy is needed to
overcome the stong intermolecular forces
what dose the first fraction collect - ANSWER✔️- shortest alkanes
EXAMINATIONA QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 2026| A+ GRADED
what else can saturate an alkene and what product is produced - ANSWER✔️- water which
produces an alcohol
how dose water saturate and alkene - ANSWER✔️by attaching it self as an H and an OH
functional group
what are two other problems with crude oil - ANSWER✔️- there is a higher demand for short
alkanes then longer ones
- there aren't enough alkenes for our purposes
what solves the above two problems wth crude oil - ANSWER✔️cracking
why is cracking used - ANSWER✔️- to break longer alkanes into shorter alkanes (meet demand)
and an alkene
what is required for catalytical cracking - ANSWER✔️- zeolite catalyst at 550 degrees celciulus
what is an alternative to catalytical cracking - ANSWER✔️- steam cracking uses no catalyst but a
higher temprature over 800 degrees
,what is an alcohol - ANSWER✔️- organic molecule with an OH functional group
what do all alcohols end with - ANSWER✔️-ol
what is the general formula for alcohols - ANSWER✔️Cn H2n+1 OH
example alcohol drawn with -OH functional group
what are the first 4 alcohols - ANSWER✔️-Methanol
-ethanol
-propanol
-butanol
what are the products for the complete combustion of alcohol with oxygen - ANSWER✔️- carbon
dioxide -water
what are the products for the incomplete combustion of alcohol with oxygen - ANSWER✔️-
carbon monoxide/ carbon
-water
what are the products from reacting ethanol and sodium - ANSWER✔️- sodium ethoxide
what can an alcohol produce when mixed with water - ANSWER✔️a solution, but this gets
difficult the longer the alcohol
what is the product when alcohol is is oxidised (without combustion) - ANSWER✔️- carboxylic
acid
(-COOH)
what do all carboxylic acids end with - ANSWER✔️- anoic acid
what functional group dose carboxylic acids have - ANSWER✔️-COOH
what are the first 4 carboxylic acids - ANSWER✔️Methanoic acid
Ethanoic acid
Propanoic acid
Butanoic acid
what is the general formula for carboxylic acid - ANSWER✔️Cn H2n O2
example carboxylic acid drawn with COOH functional group
when ethanol is oxidised what dose it become - ANSWER✔️- ethanoic acid
,what are polymers - ANSWER✔️- long chained organic molecules made up of repeating sections
made from monomers
what must monomers joined together by addition polymerisation contain - ANSWER✔️- a double
bond, which breaks to produce a single bond to bond to the next monomer
- example of addition polymeriationn with ethene
what is condensation polymerisation - ANSWER✔️when we join two different monomers that
have two functional groups
- example of condensation polymerisation
what are the products of reacting carboxylic acid with alcohol - ANSWER✔️- ester and water
- esters have a -COO functional group
what molecule is lost in condensation polymerisation - ANSWER✔️- for every bond fomed
between the monomers a molecule of water is lost
what are the functional groups in amino acids - ANSWER✔️- amino group (-NH2)
-carboxyl group (-COOH)
what is products when amino acids are polymerised - ANSWER✔️-polypeptides
-proteins
how does removing product from one side (in the Harber process) affect the reaction -
ANSWER✔️- removing products from one side will shift equilibrium on that side
e.g removing ammonia results in more being made
what does exothermic mean? - ANSWER✔️it releases heat to the surroundings
what dose endot - ANSWER✔️takes in energy form the surrounding
how does increasing the temperature (in the Harber process) affect the reaction - ANSWER✔️-
it's harder for a reaction to produce heat so a hotter temperature favours the endothermic side
- in the Harber process making ammonia is exothermic and breaking it down is endothermic
how is crude oil made - ANSWER✔️- made from plankton that has been buried underwater and
compressed over a long time
- mainly consists of hydrocarbons
what are the two types of hydrocarbons - ANSWER✔️Alkanes and alkenes
, what is a functional group - ANSWER✔️- group of atoms that determines how molecules
typcally react
what is the homolugus series - ANSWER✔️- series of compounds with same functional groups
(simalar properties)
what are alkanes - ANSWER✔️-chains of single covalently bonded carbon atoms surrounded by
hydrogen atmos
- staturated molecule (more full)
what in the general formula for alkanes - ANSWER✔️CnH2n+2
example alkane drawn with single carbon bond
what do all alkanes end with - ANSWER✔️ane
what are the first 4 alkanes - ANSWER✔️- methane
-ethane
-propane
-butane
how can we find the names of next alkanes (after the first 4) - ANSWER✔️alkanes are then called
after the names of shapes and end with ane
e.g.
- hexane
-heptane
-octane
why do we use fractional distillation on crude oil - ANSWER✔️- crude oil isnt useful as a
mixture of all of the different length alkanes
describe the method for using fractional distillation on crude oil - ANSWER✔️- we heat them so
they can evaporate and rise up the fractionating tower
- the tower gets cooler the higher the gases rises
- as different length alkanes have different boiling points they condese at diffrenet heights
- then they are collected as liquids/ gasses
describe the difference between shorter and longer alkanes (in fractional distillation) -
ANSWER✔️- short alakanes are evaporated and collected as gases higher up the tower
-longer alkanes are evaported and recondensed lower down the tower
why do longer alkanes have a higher boiling point - ANSWER✔️- more energy is needed to
overcome the stong intermolecular forces
what dose the first fraction collect - ANSWER✔️- shortest alkanes
