AQA GCSE Biology Paper 1 2026 – REAL
Exam Questions, Mark Scheme &
Detailed Answers | 100% Pass
Prediction Bundle
1. What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?
A Controls cell activities
B Site of protein synthesis
C Site of aerobic respiration producing ATP
D Stores genetic material
Correct answer: C Site of aerobic respiration producing ATP
explanation Mitochondria release energy in the form of ATP through
respiration.
2. What structure controls what enters and leaves a cell?
A Cell wall
B Cytoplasm
C Nucleus
D Cell membrane
Correct answer: D Cell membrane
explanation The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
3. Which structure is found in plant cells but not animal cells?
A Mitochondria
B Ribosomes
C Cell wall
D Cytoplasm
Correct answer: C Cell wall
explanation Plant cells have a cellulose cell wall for support.
,4. What is the role of ribosomes?
A Store DNA
B Protein synthesis
C Control cell division
D Transport oxygen
Correct answer: B Protein synthesis
explanation Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.
5. What is diffusion?
A Movement of water only
B Movement against a gradient
C Net movement of particles from high to low concentration
D Movement using energy
Correct answer: C Net movement of particles from high to low
concentration
explanation Diffusion is passive movement down a concentration gradient.
6. What is osmosis?
A Movement of oxygen
B Movement of solute particles
C Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane
D Active transport of ions
Correct answer: C Movement of water through a partially permeable
membrane
explanation Osmosis involves water moving from dilute to concentrated
solutions.
7. What is active transport?
A Diffusion of gases
B Osmosis of water
C Movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy
D Passive movement only
Correct answer: C Movement of substances against a concentration
, gradient using energy
explanation Active transport requires ATP.
8. What is the function of xylem?
A Transport sugars
B Transport water and minerals
C Store starch
D Photosynthesis
Correct answer: B Transport water and minerals
explanation Xylem moves water upward in plants.
9. What do phloem tubes transport?
A Water
B Oxygen
C Sugars (glucose)
D Carbon dioxide
Correct answer: C Sugars (glucose)
explanation Phloem carries food substances.
10.What is an enzyme?
A Lipid
B Carbohydrate
C Biological catalyst
D Hormone
Correct answer: C Biological catalyst
explanation Enzymes speed up reactions in living organisms.
11.What affects enzyme activity?
A Only light
B Only oxygen
C Temperature and pH
D Gravity
Correct answer: C Temperature and pH
explanation Enzymes are sensitive to conditions.
Exam Questions, Mark Scheme &
Detailed Answers | 100% Pass
Prediction Bundle
1. What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?
A Controls cell activities
B Site of protein synthesis
C Site of aerobic respiration producing ATP
D Stores genetic material
Correct answer: C Site of aerobic respiration producing ATP
explanation Mitochondria release energy in the form of ATP through
respiration.
2. What structure controls what enters and leaves a cell?
A Cell wall
B Cytoplasm
C Nucleus
D Cell membrane
Correct answer: D Cell membrane
explanation The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
3. Which structure is found in plant cells but not animal cells?
A Mitochondria
B Ribosomes
C Cell wall
D Cytoplasm
Correct answer: C Cell wall
explanation Plant cells have a cellulose cell wall for support.
,4. What is the role of ribosomes?
A Store DNA
B Protein synthesis
C Control cell division
D Transport oxygen
Correct answer: B Protein synthesis
explanation Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.
5. What is diffusion?
A Movement of water only
B Movement against a gradient
C Net movement of particles from high to low concentration
D Movement using energy
Correct answer: C Net movement of particles from high to low
concentration
explanation Diffusion is passive movement down a concentration gradient.
6. What is osmosis?
A Movement of oxygen
B Movement of solute particles
C Movement of water through a partially permeable membrane
D Active transport of ions
Correct answer: C Movement of water through a partially permeable
membrane
explanation Osmosis involves water moving from dilute to concentrated
solutions.
7. What is active transport?
A Diffusion of gases
B Osmosis of water
C Movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy
D Passive movement only
Correct answer: C Movement of substances against a concentration
, gradient using energy
explanation Active transport requires ATP.
8. What is the function of xylem?
A Transport sugars
B Transport water and minerals
C Store starch
D Photosynthesis
Correct answer: B Transport water and minerals
explanation Xylem moves water upward in plants.
9. What do phloem tubes transport?
A Water
B Oxygen
C Sugars (glucose)
D Carbon dioxide
Correct answer: C Sugars (glucose)
explanation Phloem carries food substances.
10.What is an enzyme?
A Lipid
B Carbohydrate
C Biological catalyst
D Hormone
Correct answer: C Biological catalyst
explanation Enzymes speed up reactions in living organisms.
11.What affects enzyme activity?
A Only light
B Only oxygen
C Temperature and pH
D Gravity
Correct answer: C Temperature and pH
explanation Enzymes are sensitive to conditions.
