SARAH MICHELLE CRASH COURSE STUDY
GUIDE SOLUTION LATEST UPDATE 2026
Contact dermatitis - ANSWER✔️- linear distribution, localized
-Treatment: topical steroids
Vesicular lesions - ANSWER✔️treat within 48-72 hours with antiviral medication.
Chronic ulcerative stomatitis - ANSWER✔️- autoimmune
- larger in size and number
-weeks-months to resolve
-resistant to topical steroids
-Treatment: Hydroxychloroquine.
Impetigo - ANSWER✔️-Honey crusted
-Yellow-dry drainage
,-usually on face
-Bullous vs. Nonbullies
-Bullous typically MRSA, Treatment is doxycycline
Pityriasis rosacea - ANSWER✔️"CHRISTMAS TREE" pattern rash (rash on CLEAVAGE lines).
"HERALD PATCH" - spreads to back and abdomen
-usually goes away on own
Brown recluse spider bite - ANSWER✔️- possible white halo
-Systemic symptoms
Live vaccines in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️absolutely not
screen for gestational diabetes in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️24-28 weeks
screen for group-B strep - ANSWER✔️36-38 weeks, Positive- IV PCN when in labor.
When to give Rhogam if needed - ANSWER✔️give at 28 weeks, then if baby tests is positive
after delivery, give again 72 hours within postpartum.
asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️treat due to risk of fetus.
-CAMP (cephalosporins, amoxicillin, Macrobid, PCN).
-do not use ciprofloxacin during pregnancy
-cephalosporins and Macrobid only safe in 2nd and 3rd trimester
AFP testing (alpha-fetoprotein level) - ANSWER✔️-weeks 16-20
-increased levels indicate neural tube defects such as spina bifida
-decreased levels indicate Down syndrome
folic acid - ANSWER✔️-helps prevent neural tube defects
-recommend start taking before pregnancy
Down syndrome - ANSWER✔️-higher risk of Alzheimer disease, hypothyroidism, cervical spine
instability (atlanto-axial instability).
-play sports- xray of cervical spine to assess for atlanto-axial instability).
placenta abruption and placenta prevue - ANSWER✔️- placenta abruption- more serious,
placenta separating from he inner wall of he uterus, really painful, hard to the touch, bleeding
involved. (can be internal). typically only occurs in 3rd trimester, emergency.
-placenta previa- placenta is covering cervical opening or the internal cervical os. painless
vaginal bleeding. Complete pelvic rest (no intercouse or cervical exams) for treatment.
Breastfeeding in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️-mastitis- dicloxacillin (clindamycin or cephalexin if
PCN allergy).
,-finished all dicloxacillin but still having sx: refer for mammogram and oBGYN (in case of
cancer)
-continue breastfeeding
-absolutely avoid methotextrate and accurate in pregnancy.
Osteoporosis - ANSWER✔️-meds that increase risk- depo-pravera, steroids, PPIs
-hypogonadism- risk factor, smoking.
-Dx: dexa scan (gold standard)
-< -2.5 (positive)
-osteopenia- -1-2.5
-weight bearing exercise
-tx: biphosphonates "-dronates", calcium and vitamin D.
-biphosphonates also used for increased fracture risk using FRAX score.
-osteoporosis and HTN: Thiazide diuretics (stimulate osteoblasts and decrease calcium).
Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis - ANSWER✔️RA- Systemic symptoms. DMARDs
(methotextrate).
-methotextrate is notorious for causing folic acid deficiencies and bone marrow suppression
(check CBC frequently).
-osteoarthritis- joint pain, stiffness in morning, heberden and Bouchard nodes.
-bouchard see in both
-bouchards in the pip (proximal interphalangeal joint)
-herberdens in the DIP (distal interphalanageal joint)
-xray- joint space narrowing
-treatment: NSAIDs, APAP, exercise.
-RA specific concerns: boutonnières and swan neck deformity.
-RA may have morning stiffness and usually lasts > 30 mins
-fever, fatigue, weight loss
Ankylosing spondylitis - ANSWER✔️-arthritis that typically starts In lower back, works way up
the spine.
-both autoimmune arthritis and a chronic inflammatory disease
-dx tests: xray > mRI
-referred to as "bamboo back."
snuff box tenderness - ANSWER✔️-fell with hands braced to Catch them
-scalphold fracture (navicular fracture)
-doesnt usually show up on xray right away, can take up 2 weeks
-treatment: thumb spica cast (prevent osteonecrosis in that rise).
carpel tunnel syndrome - ANSWER✔️-phalen- backward prayer hands
-tinel- tap on inner wrists
-treatment: splint, brace, steroids
Morton neuroma - ANSWER✔️feeling of pebble in show between 3rd and 4th toe,
numbness/tingling.
, epicondylitis - ANSWER✔️-elbow pain that worsens with activity, painful and inflamed tendon
on outer part of that elbow- lateral epicondylitis.
-sport playing- tennis (tennis elbow)
-medial epicondylitis- golfer's elbow- tendon on inner elbow is painful and inflamed.
-tx: RICE, NSAIDsm PT.
evaluate possible knee injury - ANSWER✔️-McMurray- meniscus/ apley test (contionous
popping)
-lachman- ACL/anterior drawer sign, valgus
-valgus- MCL
-Varus- LCL
Evaluate sciatica - ANSWER✔️-straight leg test
-reproduction of symptoms between 30-70 degrees elevation is positive.
-determine which nerve is the root cause of the sciatica
-L4- diminished (squat and rise, knee jerks is diminished)
-l5- numbness (heel walking, numbest at big toe)
-S1- absent (walk on toes, diminished or absent ankle jerk,)
Rotator cuff tears - ANSWER✔️-drop arm test
-supraspinatus tear- empty can tests
gout - ANSWER✔️-allopurinol- prevention to decrease uric acid levels (Can cause bone marrow
suppression), don't start during acute gout attack
-lifestyle modifications, low purine diet, no alcohol, avoiding diuretics
-avoid thiazide diuretics
-dx tests: serum uric acid level
-tx: NSAIDs, indomethacin, steroids, cacrys (administer early in attack).
Fibromyalgia - ANSWER✔️-widespread pain
-dx: pain, fatigue, waking up.not feeling refreshed, cognitive problems for 3 or more months.
-tx: duloxetine, amitryptine, lyrical , flexural.
-regular exercise
Hallux valgus - ANSWER✔️-bunion in first metatarsal phalangeal joint
-dx: xray
-tx: braces, surgery
plantar fasciitis - ANSWER✔️-pain in heel, sharp pain usually in the morning
-running usually precipitates he pain
-tx: rest, ice, stretches, supportive shoes.
Cauda equina syndrome - ANSWER✔️-rare
GUIDE SOLUTION LATEST UPDATE 2026
Contact dermatitis - ANSWER✔️- linear distribution, localized
-Treatment: topical steroids
Vesicular lesions - ANSWER✔️treat within 48-72 hours with antiviral medication.
Chronic ulcerative stomatitis - ANSWER✔️- autoimmune
- larger in size and number
-weeks-months to resolve
-resistant to topical steroids
-Treatment: Hydroxychloroquine.
Impetigo - ANSWER✔️-Honey crusted
-Yellow-dry drainage
,-usually on face
-Bullous vs. Nonbullies
-Bullous typically MRSA, Treatment is doxycycline
Pityriasis rosacea - ANSWER✔️"CHRISTMAS TREE" pattern rash (rash on CLEAVAGE lines).
"HERALD PATCH" - spreads to back and abdomen
-usually goes away on own
Brown recluse spider bite - ANSWER✔️- possible white halo
-Systemic symptoms
Live vaccines in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️absolutely not
screen for gestational diabetes in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️24-28 weeks
screen for group-B strep - ANSWER✔️36-38 weeks, Positive- IV PCN when in labor.
When to give Rhogam if needed - ANSWER✔️give at 28 weeks, then if baby tests is positive
after delivery, give again 72 hours within postpartum.
asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️treat due to risk of fetus.
-CAMP (cephalosporins, amoxicillin, Macrobid, PCN).
-do not use ciprofloxacin during pregnancy
-cephalosporins and Macrobid only safe in 2nd and 3rd trimester
AFP testing (alpha-fetoprotein level) - ANSWER✔️-weeks 16-20
-increased levels indicate neural tube defects such as spina bifida
-decreased levels indicate Down syndrome
folic acid - ANSWER✔️-helps prevent neural tube defects
-recommend start taking before pregnancy
Down syndrome - ANSWER✔️-higher risk of Alzheimer disease, hypothyroidism, cervical spine
instability (atlanto-axial instability).
-play sports- xray of cervical spine to assess for atlanto-axial instability).
placenta abruption and placenta prevue - ANSWER✔️- placenta abruption- more serious,
placenta separating from he inner wall of he uterus, really painful, hard to the touch, bleeding
involved. (can be internal). typically only occurs in 3rd trimester, emergency.
-placenta previa- placenta is covering cervical opening or the internal cervical os. painless
vaginal bleeding. Complete pelvic rest (no intercouse or cervical exams) for treatment.
Breastfeeding in pregnancy - ANSWER✔️-mastitis- dicloxacillin (clindamycin or cephalexin if
PCN allergy).
,-finished all dicloxacillin but still having sx: refer for mammogram and oBGYN (in case of
cancer)
-continue breastfeeding
-absolutely avoid methotextrate and accurate in pregnancy.
Osteoporosis - ANSWER✔️-meds that increase risk- depo-pravera, steroids, PPIs
-hypogonadism- risk factor, smoking.
-Dx: dexa scan (gold standard)
-< -2.5 (positive)
-osteopenia- -1-2.5
-weight bearing exercise
-tx: biphosphonates "-dronates", calcium and vitamin D.
-biphosphonates also used for increased fracture risk using FRAX score.
-osteoporosis and HTN: Thiazide diuretics (stimulate osteoblasts and decrease calcium).
Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis - ANSWER✔️RA- Systemic symptoms. DMARDs
(methotextrate).
-methotextrate is notorious for causing folic acid deficiencies and bone marrow suppression
(check CBC frequently).
-osteoarthritis- joint pain, stiffness in morning, heberden and Bouchard nodes.
-bouchard see in both
-bouchards in the pip (proximal interphalangeal joint)
-herberdens in the DIP (distal interphalanageal joint)
-xray- joint space narrowing
-treatment: NSAIDs, APAP, exercise.
-RA specific concerns: boutonnières and swan neck deformity.
-RA may have morning stiffness and usually lasts > 30 mins
-fever, fatigue, weight loss
Ankylosing spondylitis - ANSWER✔️-arthritis that typically starts In lower back, works way up
the spine.
-both autoimmune arthritis and a chronic inflammatory disease
-dx tests: xray > mRI
-referred to as "bamboo back."
snuff box tenderness - ANSWER✔️-fell with hands braced to Catch them
-scalphold fracture (navicular fracture)
-doesnt usually show up on xray right away, can take up 2 weeks
-treatment: thumb spica cast (prevent osteonecrosis in that rise).
carpel tunnel syndrome - ANSWER✔️-phalen- backward prayer hands
-tinel- tap on inner wrists
-treatment: splint, brace, steroids
Morton neuroma - ANSWER✔️feeling of pebble in show between 3rd and 4th toe,
numbness/tingling.
, epicondylitis - ANSWER✔️-elbow pain that worsens with activity, painful and inflamed tendon
on outer part of that elbow- lateral epicondylitis.
-sport playing- tennis (tennis elbow)
-medial epicondylitis- golfer's elbow- tendon on inner elbow is painful and inflamed.
-tx: RICE, NSAIDsm PT.
evaluate possible knee injury - ANSWER✔️-McMurray- meniscus/ apley test (contionous
popping)
-lachman- ACL/anterior drawer sign, valgus
-valgus- MCL
-Varus- LCL
Evaluate sciatica - ANSWER✔️-straight leg test
-reproduction of symptoms between 30-70 degrees elevation is positive.
-determine which nerve is the root cause of the sciatica
-L4- diminished (squat and rise, knee jerks is diminished)
-l5- numbness (heel walking, numbest at big toe)
-S1- absent (walk on toes, diminished or absent ankle jerk,)
Rotator cuff tears - ANSWER✔️-drop arm test
-supraspinatus tear- empty can tests
gout - ANSWER✔️-allopurinol- prevention to decrease uric acid levels (Can cause bone marrow
suppression), don't start during acute gout attack
-lifestyle modifications, low purine diet, no alcohol, avoiding diuretics
-avoid thiazide diuretics
-dx tests: serum uric acid level
-tx: NSAIDs, indomethacin, steroids, cacrys (administer early in attack).
Fibromyalgia - ANSWER✔️-widespread pain
-dx: pain, fatigue, waking up.not feeling refreshed, cognitive problems for 3 or more months.
-tx: duloxetine, amitryptine, lyrical , flexural.
-regular exercise
Hallux valgus - ANSWER✔️-bunion in first metatarsal phalangeal joint
-dx: xray
-tx: braces, surgery
plantar fasciitis - ANSWER✔️-pain in heel, sharp pain usually in the morning
-running usually precipitates he pain
-tx: rest, ice, stretches, supportive shoes.
Cauda equina syndrome - ANSWER✔️-rare
