1
WGU D115 EXAM
LATEST UPDATE
2026/2027
NEW QUESTIONS
INCLUDED verified
Answers
, 2
WGU D115 EXAM
The most common causes of left-sided heart failure include:
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Feedback: The most common causes of left-sided heart failure are acute myocardial
infarction and hypertension. Acute or chronic pulmonary disease can cause right heart
failure, referred to as cor pulmonale. The causes of right-sided heart failure include
stenosis or regurgitation of the tricuspid or pulmonic valves, right ventricular infarction,
and cardiomyopathy. Manifestations (rather than causes) of heart failure reflect the
physiologic effects of the impaired pumping ability of the heart, including decreased
renal blood flow.
Assessment of an elderly female client reveals the presence of bilateral pitting
edema of the client's feet and ankles and pedal pulses that are difficult to
palpate. Auscultation of the client's lungs reveals clear air entry to bases, and the
client's oxygen saturation level is 93%, and vital signs are within reference ranges.
What is this client's most likely health problem?
Right Sided Heart Failure
Feedback: A major effect of right-sided heart failure is the development of peripheral
edema. A client who is in shock would not have stable vital signs. Cor pulmonale would
be accompanied by manifestations of lung disease. Pericarditis is an inflammation of the
pericardium exhibited by fever, precordial pain, dyspnea, and palpitations.
, 3
A client has been given the diagnosis of diffuse glomerulonephritis. They ask the
nurse practitioner what diffuse means. The nurse practitioner responds:
All glomeruli and all parts of the glomeruli are involved
Feedback: Glomerular changes can be diffuse, involving all glomeruli and all parts of the
glomeruli; focal, meaning only some of the glomeruli are affected; segmental, involving
only a certain segment of each glomerulus; and mesangial, affecting only mesangial cells.
Which of the following assessment findings would lead the nurse practitioner to
suspect the client has nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria and generalized edema
Feedback: The nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria and lipiduria,
along with an associated hypoalbuminemia, generalized edema, and hyperlipidemia.
A client with a history of chronic pyelonephritis has been admitted several times
with recurrent bacterial infection of the urinary tract. The nurse practitioner
should anticipate educating this client with regard to which common treatment
regimen?
Continue taking antibiotics for full 10 to 14 days even if symptoms disappear
Feedback: Chronic pyelonephritis involves a recurrent or persistent bacterial infection
superimposed on urinary tract obstruction, urine reflux, or both. Chronic obstructive
pyelonephritis can be bilateral, caused by conditions that obstruct bladder outflow; or
unilateral, such as occurs with ureteral obstruction. Cranberry juice, forced micturition,
and diuretics are not standard treatments for chronic pyelonephritis.
WGU D115 EXAM
LATEST UPDATE
2026/2027
NEW QUESTIONS
INCLUDED verified
Answers
, 2
WGU D115 EXAM
The most common causes of left-sided heart failure include:
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Feedback: The most common causes of left-sided heart failure are acute myocardial
infarction and hypertension. Acute or chronic pulmonary disease can cause right heart
failure, referred to as cor pulmonale. The causes of right-sided heart failure include
stenosis or regurgitation of the tricuspid or pulmonic valves, right ventricular infarction,
and cardiomyopathy. Manifestations (rather than causes) of heart failure reflect the
physiologic effects of the impaired pumping ability of the heart, including decreased
renal blood flow.
Assessment of an elderly female client reveals the presence of bilateral pitting
edema of the client's feet and ankles and pedal pulses that are difficult to
palpate. Auscultation of the client's lungs reveals clear air entry to bases, and the
client's oxygen saturation level is 93%, and vital signs are within reference ranges.
What is this client's most likely health problem?
Right Sided Heart Failure
Feedback: A major effect of right-sided heart failure is the development of peripheral
edema. A client who is in shock would not have stable vital signs. Cor pulmonale would
be accompanied by manifestations of lung disease. Pericarditis is an inflammation of the
pericardium exhibited by fever, precordial pain, dyspnea, and palpitations.
, 3
A client has been given the diagnosis of diffuse glomerulonephritis. They ask the
nurse practitioner what diffuse means. The nurse practitioner responds:
All glomeruli and all parts of the glomeruli are involved
Feedback: Glomerular changes can be diffuse, involving all glomeruli and all parts of the
glomeruli; focal, meaning only some of the glomeruli are affected; segmental, involving
only a certain segment of each glomerulus; and mesangial, affecting only mesangial cells.
Which of the following assessment findings would lead the nurse practitioner to
suspect the client has nephrotic syndrome?
Proteinuria and generalized edema
Feedback: The nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria and lipiduria,
along with an associated hypoalbuminemia, generalized edema, and hyperlipidemia.
A client with a history of chronic pyelonephritis has been admitted several times
with recurrent bacterial infection of the urinary tract. The nurse practitioner
should anticipate educating this client with regard to which common treatment
regimen?
Continue taking antibiotics for full 10 to 14 days even if symptoms disappear
Feedback: Chronic pyelonephritis involves a recurrent or persistent bacterial infection
superimposed on urinary tract obstruction, urine reflux, or both. Chronic obstructive
pyelonephritis can be bilateral, caused by conditions that obstruct bladder outflow; or
unilateral, such as occurs with ureteral obstruction. Cranberry juice, forced micturition,
and diuretics are not standard treatments for chronic pyelonephritis.
